AP World History Period 3 Part 4 (New World) Flashcards

6728187370	Indian	misnomer created by Columbus referring to indigenous New World peoples; still used describe Native Americans	0
6728191640	Toltecs	nomadic peoples from beyond northern frontier of sedentary agriculture in Mesoamerica; established capital at Tula following migration into central Mesoamerican plateau; strongly militaristic ethic, including cult of human sacrifice	1
6728203114	Aztecs	Mexica; one of the nomadic tribes that penetrated into the sedentary zone of the Mesoamerican plateau after the fall of the Toltecs; established empire after 1325 around shores of Lake Texcoco	2
6728210414	Tenochtitlan	founded circa 1325 on a marshy island in Lake Texcoc; became center of Aztec power	3
6728210415	Calpulli	clans in Aztec society; evolved into residential groupings that distributed land and provided labor and warriors	4
6728215618	Chinampas	beds of aquatic weeds , mud, and earth placed in frames made of cane and rooted in lakes to create "floating islands"; system of irrigated agriculture used by Aztecs	5
6728225630	Pochteca	merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items	6
6728229331	Inca socialism	interpretation describing Inca society as a type of utopia; image of the Inca empire as a carefully organized system in which every community collectively contributed to the whole	7
6728229333	Inca	of clans (ayllu) centered at Cuzco; created empire in the Andes during the 15th c; also title of the ruler	8
6728235696	Pachacuti	Inca ruler (1438-1471); began the military campaign that marked the creation of an Inca empire	9
6728237754	Huayna Capac	Inca ruler (1493-1527); brought the empire to its greatest extent	10
6728241689	Split inheritance	Inca practice of ruler descent; all titles and political power went to successor, but wealth and land remained in hands of male descendants for support of dead Inca's mummy	11
6728258291	Curacas	local rulers who the Inca left in office in return for loyalty	12
6728264875	Tambos	way stations used by Incas as inns and storehouses; supply centers for Inca armies; relay points for system of runners used to carry messages	13
6728267557	Quipu	system of knotted strings utilized by the Incas in place of a writing system; could contain numerical and other types of information for censuses and financial records	14