AP World History Chapter 12: Silk Roads Flashcards

7938088798	- regions began to specialize in products - merchants, traders, and other middle class became wealthier - many religions spread throughout the silk roads - disease was also spread throughout populations (downfall of han and rome)	what are 4 results from the establishment of the silk roads?	0
7938109391	- han wudi defeated the xiongnu, making it possible for zhang qian to open up region to safe trade routes	what event made it possible for the silk roads to be established?	1
7938119011	- building of roads and bridges (primary effect was for military travel) - empires expanded until borders were close together	what are some important developments of the hellenistic era that reduced risks of the silk roads?	2
7938153868	- one of the most successful african marketplaces (port) - exports: ivory and slaves	what was the significance of the city of rhapta? what kinds of things did they trade?	3
7938177796	- india/china: silk, spices, and cotton - central asia: horses and jade - rome: glass, jewelry, art, perfumes	what kind of goods were traded along the silk roads? which empires provided these goods?	4
7938198545	- in stages - many different empires dominated sea trade	how was long-distance trade handled on the silk roads?	5
7938219788	- first emerged in oasis towns, where trade facilitated cultural diffusion - foreign merchants from india etc. spread it to china - monasteries and missionaries became popular	how did buddhism emerge and become popular in central and east asia?	6
7938250681	- gregory the wonderworker (missionary) - roads and sea lanes - ascetic christianity in asia influenced rome christianity	how did christianity spread in asia?	7
7938276652	- people who branched away from christianity and formed their own belief - human nature of jesus - had prominent communities in asia, and spread beliefs along silk roads	who were the nestorians?	8
7938532063	- mani, zoroastrian, who blended different religions - believed Jesus, Zarathustra, and the Buddha - struggle between light and darkness, good and evil - ascetism	what were the beliefs of manichaeism?	9
7938558502	- mani spread the religion through the silk roads, and eventually appeared in all the large cities of rome - appealed because it provided an explanation for the presence of good and evil - also because it was a religion of salvation	how did manichaeism spread? what was its appeal?	10
7938573228	- sasanids and romans persecuted the religion as a threat to public order - still was a popular religion in central asia	what led to the decline of manichaeism?	11
7938585559	- smallpox - measles - black plague	what were some common epidemic diseases in rome and china?	12
7938588986	- decline of chinese and roman economies - small regional colonies emerged - weakened han and roman empires	what were the 3 main effects of epidemic diseases?	13
7938618763	- epidemic disease - factions at govt. only cared for themselves - land distribution and peasant rebellions - wealthy landowners began to rule instead of emperors	what led to the collapse of the han dynasty? (4)	14
7938652627	- sinicization of nomadic people (adopted chinese customs) - no point of confucianism bc there was no government - popularity of buddhism, helped restore political order	how did china's culture change after the decline of the han dynasty?	15
7938695343	- divided the roman empire into two districts in order to save it from collapse (and to put an end to the barracks emperors)	who was the emperor diocletian?	16
7938712274	- successor of diocletian - unified roman empire again, but it set same problems as before - established new capital at constantinople	who was constantine? (edict of milan)	17
7938718688	- germanic people who settled on the roman border (adopted roman customs)	who were the visigoths?	18
7938723439	- attacks of the huns (attila) caused germanic peoples to stream into rome, who then sacked rome - 476, odovacer deposed the last roman emperor	what was the main reason for the collapse of the roman empire?	19
7938738972	- christianity became the official religion (edict of milan) - st. augustine's writings made christianity respectable - the pope became the spiritual leader	what happened to christianity after the fall of the roman empire?	20