AP World History- Early Civilization Flashcards
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| 10577913343 | Four River Valley Civilizations | •Mesopotamia (Tigris- Euphrates) •Egypt (Nile) •Indus Valley (Indus River) •Shang China (Huang He) | 0 | |
| 10577913344 | Earliest Civilization | Mesopotamia (4000 BCE) | 1 | |
| 10577913345 | Inhabitants of Mesopotamia | •Assyrians •Akkadians •Sumerians •Babylonians | 2 | |
| 10577913346 | Cuneiform | First example of writing developed by Sumerians. | 3 | |
| 10577913347 | Ziggurats | Large public buildings of worship in Mesopotamia. | 4 | |
| 10577913348 | Mesopotamian Social Structure | Rulers and elite controlled the land whilst slaves farmed upon that land. Note that slaves can purchase freedom. | 5 | |
| 10577913349 | Patriarchy | A widespread cultural belief that continues to present day that places male figures dominant over women. | 6 | |
| 10577913350 | Hammurabi('s Codes) | Hammurabi is a Babylonian King who devised a code of laws that regulated daily life and provided harsh "eye for an eye" punishments for criminal offences. The code drew distinctions between social and gender classes. | 7 | |
| 10577913351 | Pharoah | Egyptian King. | 8 | |
| 10577913352 | Polytheism | Worship of many gods. | 9 | |
| 10577913353 | Book of the Dead | The holy book that served basis for religion in Egypt. It focuses around the belief in the afterlife. | 10 | |
| 10577913354 | Hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing that originated from Sumerian cuneiform. | 11 | |
| 10577913355 | Harrapa/ Mohenjo-Daro | Urban centers from the Indus River Valley | 12 | |
| 10577913356 | Aryans | A group of Indo-European peoples that conquered the Harappan peoples of the Indus Valley. | 13 | |
| 10577913357 | Vedas | Oral epics from Aryan tradition. | 14 | |
| 10577913358 | Varna | Social classes from the Indus Valley that is based on skin color and soon became castes. | 15 | |
| 10577913359 | Untouchables | Classless people from the Varna social structure. | 16 | |
| 10577913360 | Shang Dynasty | First Chinese dynasty. | 17 | |
| 10577913361 | Oracle Bones | A system of divination widely practiced in Shang China. | 18 | |
| 10577913362 | Ancestor Veneration | The belief in communication to dead family spirits. | 19 | |
| 10577913363 | Zhou Dynasty | The second dynasty (also second longest) that overthrew the Shang in 1122 BCE. | 20 | |
| 10577913364 | Mandate of Heaven | Belief that the ruling emperor was chosen by God. | 21 | |
| 10577913365 | Monotheism | Belief in one god. | 22 | |
| 10577913366 | Judaism | A group of peoples named Hebrews who worship one god and traces origins back to Abraham. | 23 | |
| 10577913367 | Ten Commandments | Moral law of Hebrews. | 24 | |
| 10577913368 | Theocracy | Government ruled directly by one god. | 25 | |
| 10577913369 | Torah | The religious book of Hebrews that follows the sacred covenant established between god and Hebrews. | 26 | |
| 10577913370 | Jewish Dispora | Jewish exile first established by Assyrians then carried on by Romans. | 27 | |
| 10577913371 | A society with a formal political organization capable of ruling large regions. | Define Civilization: | 28 | |
| 10577913372 | Rule of 1- hereditary | Define Monarchy: | 29 | |
| 10577913373 | Rule of the rich | Define Aristocracy: | 30 | |
| 10577913374 | Rule of a few (military) | Define Oligarchy: | 31 | |
| 10577913375 | Cuneiform writing | What was the name of the writing for Sumeria? | 32 | |
| 10577913376 | That everyone turns into dust. | What did the Mesopotamians believed about life after death? | 33 | |
| 10577913377 | Bate sixty in numbers such as telling time. | What did the Mesopotamians come up with? | 34 | |
| 10577913378 | To help predict the flooding of the Tigris River. | Why did the Mesopotamians come up with the 12 month calendar? | 35 | |
| 10577913379 | Leaving deposits of silt which made the soil fertile. | What was one advantage of the flooding of Tigris and Euphrates? | 36 | |
| 10577913380 | Flooding and it would have made it open for invasion. | What was one disadvantage of the flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates? | 37 | |
| 10577913381 | Into city states. | How was Sumerian divided? | 38 | |
| 10577913382 | Invaders who build a new capital city. | Who were the Babylonians? | 39 | |
| 10577913383 | A set 282 laws that helped with people's rights. | What was Hammurabi's code? | 40 | |
| 10577913384 | Land and water which resulted in wars. | What did Sumerians compete against each other for? | 41 | |
| 10577913385 | Bronze and copper. | What did Mesopotamia have to trade with? | 42 | |
| 10577913386 | The wheel. | What did Mesopotamian invent? | 43 | |
| 10577913387 | 5000-1750 BCE | What was the date for the Mesopotamians? | 44 | |
| 10577913388 | 5000-1070 BCE | What was the date for Egypt? | 45 | |
| 10577913389 | Pharaoh | Who was the leader in Egypt? (1) | 46 | |
| 10577913390 | High priest and nobles | Who was second after the leader in Egypt? (2) | 47 | |
| 10577913391 | Scribes | Who was after the high priest and nobles in Egypt? (3) | 48 | |
| 10577913392 | Skilled artisans/ craftspeople | Who was after the Scribes in Egypt? (4) | 49 | |
| 10577913393 | Peasant farmers and workers | Who was after the craftspeople in Egypt? (5) | 50 | |
| 10577913394 | Servants and slaves | Who was at the lowest social class in Egypt? (6) | 51 | |
| 10577913395 | First ferel to create Egypt empire. | Who was Menes? | 52 | |
| 10577913396 | A god to the Egyptions | Who was Pharaoh? | 53 | |
| 10577913397 | They would weigh your heart. Lighter than a feather= Heaven Heavier than a feather= Hell | What did the Egyptians believed about life after death? | 54 | |
| 10577913398 | Self Sufficient/ Independent | How was Egypt? | 55 | |
| 10577913399 | Mesopotamia | Who did Egypt trade with? | 56 | |
| 10577913400 | Large public buildings of worship in Mesopotamia. | What is a Ziggurat? | 57 | |
| 10577913401 | Nile River | What river flows regularly? | 58 | |
| 10577913402 | Language Knowledge of horses Knowledge of metals. | What did the Indus valley spread? | 59 | |
| 10577913403 | Access to plumbing in every home. | What was something the Indus Valley had that no one had? | 60 | |
| 10577913404 | Social classes from the Indus Valley that is based on skin color and soon became castes. | Define Varna: | 61 | |
| 10577913405 | Street sweepers, latrine cleaners. (Lowest social class) Also known as the untouchables. | Who were the Dalits in the Indus Valley? | 62 | |
| 10577913406 | Invaders that conquered people of the Indus Valley | Who were the Aryans? | 63 | |
| 10577913407 | Believing in many gods. | Define Polytheistic: | 64 | |
| 10577913408 | Believing in one god that can change into many different ways. | Define Monotheistic: | 65 | |
| 10577913409 | That you were born into your own cast. | What did people of the Indus Valley believe? | 66 | |
| 10577913410 | Priest and teachers. | Who were the Brahmins? | 67 | |
| 10577913411 | That you relive life. (Reincarnation) | What did the Indus people believe in life after death? | 68 | |
| 10577913412 | Process of gaining while the gods help. | What is the Dynastic cycle in china? | 69 | |
| 10577913413 | First Chinese Dynasty | What is the Shang Dynasty? | 70 | |
| 10577913414 | Second Chinese Dynasty. | What is the Zhou Dynasty? | 71 | |
| 10577913415 | The son of heaven. (Chosen by God.) | Who was the ruler emperor for china? | 72 | |
| 10577913416 | Pictograms | What was the name of the earliest chinese writing? | 73 | |
| 10577913417 | The written language is different from spoken language. | What is unique about the language and writing in chinese? | 74 | |
| 10577913418 | Land for loyalty and service. | Define Feudalism: | 75 | |
| 10577913419 | Huang He and Chian Jiang (Yellow river and Yangtze river) | What river was part of China? | 76 | |
| 10577913420 | First people to get iron | Who were the Metallurgy: | 77 | |
| 10577913421 | Abraham and Moses | Who was the Founder of Hebrew/Jews/Judaism? | 78 | |
| 10577913422 | You had to be judged first. | What was the view of the afterlife for Hebrews? | 79 | |
| 10577913423 | Monotheism God and Yaweh | Who were the Deities for Judaism? | 80 | |
| 10577913424 | Law based 10 commandments kosher | What did Judaism practice? | 81 | |
| 10577913425 | Discrimination and Diaspora | What was the impact on society for Hebrew? | 82 | |
| 10577913426 | Moving | What does Diaspora mean? | 83 | |
| 10577913427 | The Neolithic Revolution | What did Agriculture cause? | 84 | |
| 10577913428 | Fertile Crescent | What river flows irregularly? | 85 | |
| 10577913429 | Hieroglyphics | What is the name for the Egyptian writing? | 86 | |
| 10577913430 | Undeciphered language (Not able to be understood) | What is the language for the Indus/Harappa people? | 87 | |
| 10577913431 | Sumeria/Mesopotamia and Egypt | What two civilizations were Polytheistic? | 88 | |
| 10577913432 | United Empire | Who are the memes? | 89 |