ap Flashcards

11270222842	Historical background of interest groups	Interest groups have often been viewed with suspicion. In Federalist #10, James Madison warned against the dangers of "factions."	0
11270227751	Interest groups serve several important functions. They:	♦ raise awareness and stimulate interest in public affairs by educating their members and the public ♦ represent their membership, serving as a link between members and government ♦ provide information to government, especially data and testimony useful in making public policy ♦ provide channels for political participation that enable citizens to work together to achieve a common goal	1
11270244764	influencing elections	encouraging members to vote for candidates who support their views, influencing party platforms and the nomination of candidates; campaigning and contributing money to parties and candidates through political action committees (PACs)	2
11270247821	Lobbying	Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators, and the policies they enact.	3
11270265601	direct lobbying	using personal contacts between lobbyists and policymakers	4
11270269604	grassroots lobbying	interested group members and others outside the organization	5
11270272412	litigation	groups often take an issue to court if they are unsuccessful in gaining the support of Congress; this strategy was used successfully by the NAACP to argue against segregation during the 1950s	6
11270283162	going public	appealing to the public for support by bringing attention to an issue or using public relations to gain support for the image of the interest group itself	7
11270287632	Political Action Committees (PACs)	The campaign finance reforms of the 1970s prohibited corporations and labor unions from making direct contributions to candidates running for federal office. Political action committees (PACs) were formed as political arms of interest groups	8
11270317284	Regulation of Interest Groups	The first major attempt to regulate lobbying came in 1946 with the passage of the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act, requiring lobbyists to register with the clerk of the House of Representatives and the secretary of the Senate if their principal purpose was to influence legislation.	9
11270328737	One-Party System	A political system in which only one party exists	10
11270330624	Two-Party System	An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections.	11
11270333890	Multi-Party System	exist when several major parties and a number of minor parties compete in elections, and any of the parties stands a good chance of winning.	12
11270343533	a PARTY IDENTIFICATION AND MEMBERSHIP	ideology ♦ education ♦ income ♦ occupation ♦ race or ethnicity ♦ gender ♦ religion ♦ family tradition ♦ region of the country ♦ marital status	13
11270352733		g	14