APES Flashcards

11287849113	abiotic	assemblage of nonliving physical or chemical components in an ecosystem ex: CO2, rainfall, pH, O2, salinity, temperature	0
11287858214	abiotic factors	physical and chemical components of ecosystems that are non living ex: CO2, rainfall, pH, O2, salinity, temperature	1
11287872135	autotroph	organisms that produce their own organic material from inorganic constituents ex: green plants	2
11287901642	biomass pyramid	shape of biomass potential at each trophic level ex: Fig 2-13a	3
11287922151	biomass	total combined dry weight of all organisms at a trophic level ex:Fig. 2-14	4
11287981870	biome	grouping of related ecosystems into major kinds of ecosystems ex: Fig 2-4	5
11287993793	biosphere	all the species and ecosystem combined ex: earth	6
11288037324	biota	grouping or assemblage of living organisms in an ecosystem ex: plants, animals, microbes	7
11288050839	biotic community	grouping or assemblage of living organisms in an ecosystem ex: plants, animals, microbes	8
11288080715	biotic factors	limiting factors caused by other species ex: plants, animals, microbes	9
11288095865	biotic structure	the way different categories of organisms fir together in an ecosystem ex: producers, consumers, decomposers	10
11288108761	carnivores	meat-eating secondary consumer ex: pigs and bears	11
11288122151	chlorophyll	molecule that plants use to campsite light energy for photosynthesis ex: green organelle in plant tissue	12
11288135999	climate	description of average temperature and precipitation each day throughout the year ex: Fig. 2-20	13
11288162677	consumer	organisms that must feed on complex organic material to obtain energy and nutrients ex: herbivores, carnivores, omnivores	14
11288179344	decomposer	primary detritus feeders ex: bacteria and fungi	15
11288189355	detritus	dead or partially digested plant or animal material ex: dead leaves	16
11288263063	detritus feeders	organisms that feed primarily on dead, decaying, or partially digested organic matter ex: bacteria and fungi	17
11288274171	ecologists	people who study ecosystems and interactions ex: your teacher	18
11288284727	ecology	The study of ecosystems and interactions ex: what your are doing now	19
11288295519	ecosystem	a grouping of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their environment in such a way to perpetuate the grouping ex: Fig. 2-2	20
11288317330	ecotone	the transition area where one ecosystem blends into another ex: where grasslands meet forest	21
11288341598	food chain	pathways where one organism is eaten by a second, which is eaten by a third, and so on ex: Fig 2-13a	22
11288359410	food web	a way of demonstrating the interaction of food chains ex: Fig 2-13a	23
11288374277	habitat	plant community an physical environment where an organism lives ex: fig 2-2	24
11288404673	herbivore	feed directly on producers ex:deeror rabbit	25
11288414859	heterotroph	organisms that must feed on complex organic material to obtain energy and nutrients ex: animals	26
11288441329	host	Plant or animal on which a parasite feeds ex: anything that can be eaten	27
11288486867	inorganic molecules	Specific kinds of plants, animals, or microbes that interbreed and produce fertile offspring ex: salt (NaCl)	28
11288509969	limiting factors	any factor that limits the growth, reproduction, and survival for organisms ex: CO2, rainfall, pH, O2, salinity, temperature	29
11288540852	limits of tolerance	high and low ranges of tolerance to abiotic levels ex: fig 2-19	30
11288552838	microclimate	conditions in specific localized areas ex: fig 2-22	31
11288566993	mutualism	a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both derive benefit ex: flowers and bees and crocs and birds	32
11288593214	niche	what an organism feeds on, where and when it feeds, where it finds shelter and nesting sites ex: fig 2.8 and 2.9	33
11288619959	omnivore	plant and meat eating consumers ex: pigs and bears	34
11288627294	optimum	a certain abiotic level where organisms survive best ex: fig 2-19	35
11288645389	organic molecule	constructed in large part from carbon and hydrogen atoms ex: glucose (C6H12O6)	36
11288661050	parasites	a predator that feeds off its prey for a long time typically w/out killing it ex: ticks	37
11288679375	parasitism	a symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one benefits and the other is being harmed ex: ticks, lice	38
11288689770	photosynthesis	the process of converting sunlight energy and carbon dioxide to sugar and O2 ex: 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2	39
11288715349	population	number of individuals that make up an interbreeding, reproducing group within a given area ex: all Rana catesbiana in a farm pond	40
11288743856	preditor	animal that attacks, kills, and feeds on another animal ex: wolf or owl	41
11288756126	prey	animal killed and eaten by a predator ex: bullfrogs, deer and rabbit, pigs and bears	42
11288767366	primary consumers	feed directly on producer ex: deer and rabbit	43
11288779505	producers	organisms that produce their own organic material from inorganic constituent ex: green plants	44
11288801373	range of tolerance	the entire span of abiotic values that allow any growth at all ex: fig 2-19	45
11288813926	secondary consumer	feed on primary consumers ex: wolf and owl	46
11288822546	species	specific kind of plants, animals, or microbes that interbreed and produce fertile offspring ex: bullfog	47
11288834809	symbiotic	living together ex: fig 2-16 2-17	48
11288852358	synergistic effect	greater effect of two factors interacting together than individually ex: chemical A--> effect B, chemical c--> effect D, chemical A+B--> effect E	49
11288893661	trophic levels	feeding levels w/in a food chain or web ex:	50
11288915250	zone of stress	abiotic level between optimal range and high and low level of tolerance ex:	51