APWH Religions Flashcards

6953425174	animism	The belief in the existence of individual spirits that inhabit natural objects and phenomena	0
6953425175	Monotheism	the belief in one God or diety	1
6953425176	Abraham	Founder of Judaism and the practice of monotheism	2
6953425177	Zoroastrianism	Religion created by Zoroaster, focuses on the eternal battle between two forces, one good and one evil	3
6953425178	Zoroaster	The teacher that inspired the religion of Zoroastrianism	4
6953425179	Vedic	South Asian religion including a variety of deities and a heavy emphasis on rituals	5
6953425180	Theocracy	Government structure ruled by religious authority	6
6953425181	Polytheism	belief in many gods or deities	7
6953425182	Ziggurats	Large stepped pyramids of the Sumerians for religious purpose	8
6953425183	Judaism	Founded by Abraham, believe in one God and the prophet Moses, follow the Ten Commandments	9
6953425184	Jews	Followers of Judaism	10
6953425185	Jewish Diaspora	The spreading of Jews throughout the Middle East and the Mediterranean	11
6953425186	Ten Commandments	Ten Religious Laws of God	12
6953425187	Religious Tolerance	The practice of conquering land yet allowing religions to remain and continue their practice	13
6953425188	Ra	Egyptian god of the Sun	14
6953425189	Osirus	Egyptian god of life and death and husband of Isis	15
6953425190	Isis	Egyptian god of nature and wife of Osirus	16
6953425191	Mummificiation	Burial process commonly practiced in Egypt involving the removal of internal organs, drying the body with salts, and packing its insides and wrapping it with chemically treated cloth	17
6953425192	Pharaoh	Egyptian ruler who was believed to be descendants of the gods	18
6953425193	Theocrats	rulers holding both religious and political power	19
6953425194	Pyramids of Egypts	Giant tombs for pharaohs where their body and prized items were preserved for their afterlife	20
6953425195	The Vedas	Aryan collection of religious hymns, poems, and songs	21
6953425196	Upanishads	a collection of religious thought that illuminated several new religious concepts: brahma, dharma, karma, and moksha	22
6953425197	Brahma	the universal soul that connects all creatures on earth	23
6953425198	Dharma	righteous duties and deeds that determine one's karma	24
6953425199	Karma	the force that determines one's place in the future	25
6953425200	Moksha	eternal piece and unity with Brahma, the soul's ultimate goal	26
6953425201	Hinduism	Indian polytheistic religion based upon the upanishads	27
6953425202	Ancestral Veneration	Chinese practice of giving offerings to their ancestors to win their favor due to the belief they could speaks to the gods	28
6953425203	Oracle Bones	Chinese practice of sticking heated pins into animal bones with questions and the interpretation of how the bones cracked was the answer	29
6953425204	Mandate of Heaven	Zhou Dynasty concept of a ruler's power being justified by the gods	30
6953425205	Syncretism	combing of two religions, cultures, and ideologies	31
6953425206	Roman Pantheon Of Gods	Roman Gods such as Jupiter, Minerva, Vesta, and Neptune	32
6953425207	Christianity	Monotheistic religion that believes in God and his son Jesus Christ, who is the founder of the religion	33
6953425208	Jesus Christ	Founder of Christianity and the Son of God	34
6953425209	Peter	One of Jesus' disciples who was very important to the spread of Christianity	35
6953425210	Paul	A Jew who converted to Christianity and spread the religion through the Mediterranean	36
6953425211	Monasteries	buildings or collections of buildings dedicated to the people who devote their lives to the practice of a religion	37
6953425212	Constantine	Roman emperor who made Christianity legal in the Roman empire	38
6953425213	Martyrdom	A willingness to die rather than give up one's beliefs	39
6953425214	Gospels	Christian documents describing the life of Jesus Christ according to Matthew, John, Luke, and John	40
6953425215	Caste System	social hierarchy connected to Hinduism. there are four main castes Brahmins: Priestly and educated class Kshatriyas: Warrior and ruling class Vaishyas: Merchant and Artisan class Shudras: Peasant and serf class	41
6953425216	Jainism	Religion believing every living thing had a godly soul, strict vegetarianism, and practiced nonviolence	42
6953425217	Buddhism	Religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama founded on the four noble truths and the eight fold path	43
6953425218	Nirvana	Final destination of the enlightened in Buddhism	44
6953425219	Confucianism	Founded by K'ung Fu-tzu, believes in the concept of filial piety and the five key relationships	45
6953425220	Daoism	Founded by Laozi and the followers seek to renounce worldly ambitions and society to seek harmony with nature	46
6953425221	Mahavir Jain	Founder of Jainism	47
6953425222	Siddhartha Gautama	Founder of Buddhism	48
6953425223	K'ung Fu-tzu	Founder of Buddhism	49
6953425224	Laozi	Founder of Daoism	50
6953425225	Hagia Sophia	Large domed Christian church of the Byzantine Empire	51
6953425226	Justinian	Byzantine Emperor who oversaw the creation of the Hagia Sophia	52
6953425227	Missionaries	People sent abroad to spread a religion and ideology	53
6953425228	Christian Schism	Split of the Christian church in 1054 between the Roman Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox	54
6953425229	Cyril	Most famous and successful Christian missionary who also created his own alphabet	55
6953425230	Patriarch	Emperor appointed head of church	56
6953425231	Polygyny	Practice of a man having more than one wife	57
6953425232	Muhammed	Founder of Islam	58
6953425233	Islam	Monotheistic religion that believes in God and the teachings of Muhammed	59
6953425234	Mecca	Holy city of Islam	60
6953425235	Five Pillars of Faith	Core beliefs of Islam including praying five times a day, almsgiving, holy pilgrimage, believing in one God, and fasting for Ramadan	61
6953425236	Jihad	Principle of Islam which is the struggle or strive in the way of Allah and to improve one's self or society	62
6953425237	Shariah	Muslim code of law	63
6953425238	Caliph	Islamic head of state	64
6953425239	Dar Al-Islam	House of Islam	65
6953425240	Sultan	A ruler of a Muslim country, especially of the former Ottoman Empire	66
6953425241	Proselytizing Religion	Religion actively seeking converts	67
6953425242	Angkor Wat	Giant Buddhist Temple in Southeast Asia	68
6953425243	Ka'aba	Giant shrine of Islam	69
6953425244	Pope	Supreme Christian bishop of Rome	70
6953425245	Bishop	Christian leaders who owed allegiance to the Pope	71
6953425246	Priest	Local Christian leaders under a bishop	72
6953425247	House of Lords	English parliament house of nobles and Church hierarchy	73
6953425248	Reconquista	Christian reconquest of Spain from the Muslims	74
6953425249	Crusades	Christians sent to reclaim the Holy Land	75
6953425250	Knights Templar	Christian religious order combining the functions of knights and monks	76
6953425251	Huitzilopochtli	Aztec god of the sun and war	77
6953425252	Tlaloc	Aztec rain god	78
6953425253	Quetzalcoatl	Aztec god of wind and knowledge	79
6953425254	Xipe Totec	Aztec god of of agriculture and fertility	80
6953425255	Human Sacrifice	practice of killing people as offerings to the gods	81
6953425256	Inti	Inca sun god	82
6953425257	Royal Ancestral Veneration	Belief of dead rulers being mummified and continued to rule as they had in life and were thought to retain ownership of their servants, possessions, and property	83
6953425258	Lutheranism	Denomination of Christianity founded by Martin Luther	84
6953425259	Martin Luther	Founder of the Lutheran Church	85
6953425260	Angelicanism	Church of Henry VIII that was made to annul his marriages and was free of the Pope's control	86
6953425261	Jesuits	The Society of Jesus, religious order in 1540 that undertook missionary activity	87
6953425262	Thirty Years War	Religious war between Catholics and Protestants from 1618-1648	88
6953425263	95 Theses	Martin Luther's charges to the church	89
6953425264	Virgin of Guadalupe	Mexican deity revered for her ability to perform miracles	90
6953425265	Vodun	Haitian syncretic religion combining Christianity and West African traditions	91
6953425266	Holy Synod	Peter the Great's religious power composed of clergymen overseen by a secular office who answered to the czar	92
6953425267	Ottoman Empire	Islamic empire in the Middle East from the 1300s to 1918	93
6953425268	Devshirme	Islamic tax of taking Christian boys, forcing them to convert to Islam and serving the empire	94
6953425269	Jizya	Muslim tax for non-muslims in Islamic territory	95
6953425270	Deism	belief that God created the world and then sat back to observe its movements according to natural laws that could be discovered by scientific inquiry	96
6953425271	Zionism	the desire of Jews to reestablish an independent homeland where their ancestors lived in the Middle East	97
6953425272	Janissaries	a highly organized elite military unit of the Ottoman empire	98
6953425273	Shintoism	A religion native to Japan, characterized by veneration of nature spirits and ancestors and by a lack of formal dogma	99