AP World History Chapter 19 Terms Flashcards

10711409646	Ottoman Empire	Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the _______ ______ was based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453 to 1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe.	0
10711423097	Suleiman the Magnificent	The most illustrious sultan of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1520-1566); also known as "The Lawgiver." He significantly expanded the empire in the Balkans and eastern Mediterranean.	1
10711443256	Janissaries	Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826.	2
10711476053	Tulip Period	(1718-1730) Last years of the reign of Ottoman sultan Ahmed III, during which European styles and attitudes became briefly popular in Istanbul.	3
10711481815	Safavid Empire	Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite state.	4
10711487451	Shi'ites	Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. _______ is the state religion of Iran.	5
10711498901	Hidden Imam	Last in a series of twelve descendants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali, whom Shi'ites consider divinely appointed leaders of the Muslim community. In occlusion since ca. 873, he is expected to return as a messiah at the end of time.	6
10711509218	Shah Abbas I	The fifth and most renowned ruler of the Safavid dynasty in Iran (r. 1587-1629). _____ moved the royal capital to Isfahan in 1598.	7
10711520558	Mughal Empire	Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.	8
10711524171	Akbar	Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus.	9
10711526801	mansabs	In India, grants of land given in return for service by rulers of the Mughal Empire.	10
10711532722	Rajputs	Members of a mainly Hindu warrior caste from northwest India. The Mughal emperors drew most of their Hindu officials from this caste, and Akbar married a princess from this member.	11
10711548462	Acheh Sultanate	Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main center of Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from Portugal in 1641.	12
10711560499	Oman	Arab state based in Musqat, the main port in the southwest region of the Arabian peninsula. ____ succeeded Portugal as a power in the western Indian Ocean in the eighteenth century.	13
10711578191	Swahili	Bantu language with Arabic loanwords spoken in coastal regions of East Africa.	14
10711581978	Batavia	Fort established in 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta.	15