AP World History Chapter 13 & 14 Flashcards
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| 10929728978 | Era of Division | a period of political disorder and chaotic warfare that followed the Qin-Han era | 0 | |
| 10929728979 | Sui Dynasty | The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China | 1 | |
| 10929728980 | Tang Dynasty | (618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system. | 2 | |
| 10929728981 | Song Dynasty | (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts other than military. | 3 | |
| 10929728982 | Wendi | A Chinese general who declared himself emperor when China reunited. He founded a new dynasty called the Sui Dynasty. | 4 | |
| 10929728983 | Li Yaun | Duke of Tang; minister of Yangdi; took over empire following Yangdi's assassination; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took the imperial title of Gaozu | 5 | |
| 10929728984 | Zhao Dynasty | the imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC; notable for the rise of Confucianism and Taoism | 6 | |
| 10929728985 | Zhao Kuangyin | Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent. | 7 | |
| 10929728986 | Empress Wu | Tang ruler 690-705 CE in China; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created | 8 | |
| 10929728987 | Yang Guifei | (719-756) Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into royal administration led to revolt | 9 | |
| 10929728988 | Zhu Xi | (1130-1200) Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action | 10 | |
| 10929728989 | Wang Anshi | Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society. | 11 | |
| 10929728990 | Liao Dynasty | Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song dynasty in China. | 12 | |
| 10929728991 | Ministry of Rites | Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars | 13 | |
| 10929728992 | Jinshi | Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office | 14 | |
| 10929728993 | Chan Buddhism | Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society | 15 | |
| 10929728994 | Pure Land Buddhism | Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among masses of Chinese society. | 16 | |
| 10929728995 | Jurchens | Founders of the Jin Kingdom that succeeded that Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south. | 17 | |
| 10929728996 | Grand Canal | Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long. | 18 | |
| 10929728997 | Hangzhou | Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million. | 19 | |
| 10929728998 | Chang'an | Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time. | 20 | |
| 10929728999 | Bi Sheng | 11th century artisan; devised technique of printing with movable type; made it possible for China to be the most contemporary literate civilization. | 21 | |
| 10929729000 | Li Bo | Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. | 22 | |
| 10929729001 | Legalism | A Chinese philosophy that was devoted to strengthen and expand the state through increased agricultural work and military service. | 23 | |
| 10929729002 | Daoism | A religion in China which emphasizes the removal from society and to become one with nature. | 24 | |
| 10929729003 | Taika Reforms | Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. | 25 | |
| 10929729004 | Tale of Genji, The | Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; relates life history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. | 26 | |
| 10929729005 | Kami | nature spirits of Japan | 27 | |
| 10929729006 | Fuijwara | Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power | 28 | |
| 10929729007 | Bushi | regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies | 29 | |
| 10929729008 | Samurai | Mounted troops of Japanese warrior leaders (bushi); loyal to local lords, not the emperor | 30 | |
| 10929729009 | Seppuku | Ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and a means to restore family honor. | 31 | |
| 10929729010 | Taira | Powerful Japanese family in 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei Wars. | 32 | |
| 10929729011 | Minamoto | Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th century Japan | 33 | |
| 10929729012 | Gempei Wars | Waged for five years from 1180, on Honshu between Taira and Minamoto families; resulted in destruction of Taira. | 34 | |
| 10929729013 | Bakufu | Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai | 35 | |
| 10929729014 | Shoguns | Military leaders of the bakufu (military governments in Japan). | 36 | |
| 10929729015 | Hojo | a warrior family closely allied with the Minamoto; dominated Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers; ruled in name of emperor. | 37 | |
| 10929729016 | Ashikaga Takauji | member of the Minamoto family; overthrew the Kamakura regime and established the Ashikaga Shogunate from 1336 to 1573; drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino | 38 | |
| 10929729017 | Ashikaga Shogunate | Replaced the Kamakura regime in Japan; ruled from 1336 to 1573; destroyed rival Yoshino center of imperial authority | 39 | |
| 10929729018 | Daimyos | Warlord rulers of 300 small states following civil war and disruption of Ashikaga Shogunate; holdings consolidated into unified and bounded mini-states. | 40 | |
| 10929729019 | Choson | Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han emperor in 109 B.C.E. | 41 | |
| 10929729020 | Koguryo | tribal people of northern Korea; established an independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula; adopted cultural Sinification | 42 | |
| 10929729021 | Silla | independent Korean kingdom in south eastern part of peninsula; Defeated Koguryo along with their Chinese Tang alleys; submitted as a vassal of the tang empire and agreed to tribute payment ;ruled United Korea by 668 | 43 | |
| 10929729022 | Paekche | Independent Korean kingdom in southwestern part of peninsula; defeated by rival Silla kingdom and its Chinese Tang allies in 7th century. | 44 | |
| 10929729023 | Sinification | extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions | 45 | |
| 10929729024 | Khmers | Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; moved into Mekong River delta region at time of Vietnamese drive to the south | 46 | |
| 10929729025 | Trung Sisters | Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 c.e.; demonstrates importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society. | 47 | |
| 10929729026 | Chams | Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into the highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the south. | 48 | |
| 10929729027 | Ngyuen | rival of Vietnamese dynasty that arose in southern Vietnam to challenge traditional dynasty of Trinh in north at Hanoi; kingdom centered on Red and Mekong rivers; capital at Hue | 49 | |
| 10929729028 | Trinh | Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in South. | 50 | |
| 10929729029 | Zen Buddhism | Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural and artistic beauty | 51 | |
| 10929729030 | Heian | Capital city of Japan under the Yamato emperors, later called Kyoto; built in order to escape influence of Buddhist monks; patterned after ancient imperial centers of China; never fully populated | 52 | |
| 10929729031 | Tokugawa | this man established a shogunate that would dominate Japan for hundreds of years | 53 | |
| 10929729032 | Tokugawa | 54 |