AP World History Chapter 2 Flashcards

10604587043	Ancient Egypt	A civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River. Its history occurred in a series of stable Kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and New Kingdom.	0
10604587044	Aristocracy	A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility	1
10604587045	Barbarian	An uncivilized person	2
10604587046	Book of the Dead	Scrolls that served as a guide for the afterlife in ancient Egypt	3
10604587047	Brahmins	Priests, at the top of the caste system which the Aryans made	4
10604587048	Bureaucracy	A system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials	5
10624194658	Central Asian/Oxus civilization	A major First Civilization that emerged around 2200 B.C.E. in Central Asia along the Oxus or Amu Darya river in what is now northern Afghanistan. An important focal point for a Eurasian-wide system of intellectual and cultural exchange, it faded away about 1700 B.C.E.	6
10624194659	Cities	Served as centers of trade, public performance, and political administration (for example Athens, Carthage, and Teotihucan)	7
10624194660	civilizations/advanced societies	the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.	8
10624194661	Code of Hammurabi	a written code of rules that guided the ancient society of Babylon; dates back to 1772 B.C.	9
10624194662	Complex Institutions	law codes, religion, and an economy - they organized, united, and helped civilizations to prosper	10
10624194663	Cuneiform	A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of western Asia.	11
10624194664	currency	a system of money in general use in a particular country.	12
10624194665	Democracy	A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them	13
10624194666	Dharma	In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties	14
10624194667	Dynastic Cycle	rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven	15
10624194668	Epic of Gilgamesh	The most famous extant literary work from ancient Mesopotamia, it tells the story of one man's quest for immortality.	16
10624194669	ethical/legal codes	A system of principles governing morality and acceptable conduct	17
10624194670	Fertile Crescent/Mesopotamia	A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates	18
10624194671	frontier	A zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control.	19
10624194672	Indus Valley	A civilization extending from what today is now Pakistan to northwest India and northeast Afghanistan. It flourished in the basins of the Indus River. At its peak it had a population of over five million. The Indus cities are noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large non-residential buildings.	20
10624194673	Karma	(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation	21
10624194674	Mandate of Heaven	in Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority	22
10624194675	Mohenjo-Daro	Indus Valley city laid out in a grid pattern. Had a complex irrigation and sewer system.	23
10624194676	Norte Chico/Caral	A region along the central coast of Peru, home of a civilization that developed in the period 3000-1800 B.C.E. Caral was the largest of some twenty-five urban centers that emerged in the area at that time.	24
10624194677	Nubia	A civilization to the south of Egypt in the Nile Valley, noted for development of an alphabetic writing system and a major iron working industry by 500 BCE	25
10624194678	Olmec	The first Mesoamerican civilization. Between ca. 1200 and 400 B.C.E., these people of central Mexico created a vibrant civilization that included intensive agriculture, wide-ranging trade, ceremonial centers, and monumental construction.	26
10624194679	Recordkeeping	the process of setting up an organized system for financial and legal documents	27
10624194680	Secular	Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters	28
10624194681	Sericulture	the production of raw silk by raising silkworms	29
10624194682	Shang and Zhou Dynasties	The first two Chinese dynasties	30
10624194683	Slavery	A system of enforced servitude in which some people are owned by other people.	31
10624194684	Specialization of Labor	The division of labor that aids the development of skills in a particular type of work	32
10624194685	surplus	A situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded	33
10624194686	Syncretism	a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith	34
10624194687	Teotihuacan	first major metropolis in Mesoamerica, collapsed around 800 CE. It is most remembered for the gigantic "pyramid of the sun".	35
10624194688	Textiles	a type of cloth or woven fabric	36
10624194689	Theocracy	government run by religious leaders	37
10624194690	Tigris and Euphrates	two rivers that form the outside border of Mesopotamia	38
10624194691	Uruk	A Large Sumerian city-state in Mesopotamia.	39
10624194692	Ziggurats	temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshipped	40