AP World History: Chapter 16 Vocab Flashcards

7689851621	Charlemagne	Definition: King of the Franks and Holy Roman Empire Significance: Symbolized the relationship between the Church and Charlemagne	0
7689865286	Clovis	Definition: King of the Franks who unified Gaul and established his capital at Paris Significance: Reunified Europe for some time	1
7689890532	Vikings	Definition: Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th century Significance: Caused Instability	2
7689913461	Magyars	Definition: Muslims who attacked Europe and converted to Christianity and established Hungary Significance: Spread Christianity and caused instability	3
7689924813	Holy Roman Empire	Definition: The lands ruled by Charlemagne Significance: Brought a degree of stability back to Europe	4
7689946757	Serfs	Definition: A person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord Significance: Bottom of the Feudal hierarchy, very important as they provided sustenance	5
7689962217	Vassals	Definition: A noble who usually was given a fief by his lord in exchange for loyalty Significance: This person gave their military skills and loyalty to the lord	6
7690047107	Manors	Definition: a large estate, often including farms and a village Significance: Location where lords rule	7
7690063669	Horse Collars/Watermills	Definition: Distributed the weight around the shoulders and chest rather than the throat Definition: Building located on rivers in which grain were crushed into flour	8
7690078894	Heavy Plow	Definition: Agricultural invention that allowed people to migrate to colder climates and produce more food Significance: Produced more food which allowed for a population growth and urbanization	9
7690098830	Pope Gregory I	Definition: Was most important figure for providing Roman Church with sense of direction Significance: Defended Rome, brought unity to the Church	10
7690111343	William Duke of Normandy	Definition: Led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England Significance: Defeated Harold, the Anglo-Saxon King	11
7690145050	Lief Erikson	Definition: Sailed from West Norway to Greenland but strong wind blew his ship off course Significance: Viking that discovered America 500 years before Columbus	12
7690228402	Gothic Cathedrals	Definition: An architectural style that flourished in Europe Significance: Created by Abbot Suger	13
7690258312	Bubonic Plague	Definition: Disease spread by rats, brought by sailors from Crimea Significance: About 1/3 of all Europe's population died	14
7690293266	Leo III	Definition: Crowned Charlemagne the "Holy Roman Emperor Significance: Strained Byzantian relationship	15
7690312986	Theme System	Definition: Divided the Byzantine Empire into different districts that were each led by a general Significance: Peasants who joined the army were given plots of land	16
7690356532	Iconoclasm	Definition: The breaking of images, a religious controversy of the 8th century Significance: Byzantine emperor attempted, but failed to suppression veneration	17
7690907575	Greek Fire	Definition: Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water Significance: Utilized to drive back Arab fleets that attracted Constantinople	18
7690928371	Schism	Definition: The separation between two branches of Christianity in 1054 CE Significance: Revival popes were established in Arigon and Rome	19
7690949174	Hagia Sophia	Definition: Most famous example of Byzantine Architecture Significance: Built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world	20