AP World History Chapter 20 Review Flashcards

5741330169	Jesuits (Society of Jesus)	Reform the church through education, spread the Gospel to pagan peoples, fight Protestantism.	0
5741330172	Dutch East India Company	Major trade in Indian Ocean.	1
5741333790	East India Company of England	British and other European traders with Qing through Canton.	2
5741337073	Kowtow	Former Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead as a sign of respect or submission.	3
5741339188	Tsar (Czar)	Titles for rulers of Russia.	4
5741340603	Boyars	Russian aristocracy created their individual leadership and representation.	5
5741357379	Serfs	Due to foreign warfare the downgrade of economy lead to the increase in peasant populations.	6
5741359491	"China"	Southern Manchuria and the area dominated by early Ming and Early Korea.	7
5741361544	Dalai Lama	Universal teacher under Tibetan Buddhism.	8
5741364869	Variolation	Spread of smallpox in Beijing.	9
5741367898	Cha	Northern China names for tea.	10
5741371020	Macartney Mission	Represented the EIC and British interest in changing Qing trade system (Canton System).	11
5741372982	Shogunate	Leader of Japan.	12
5741376081	Samurai	Army of warriors under Daimyo.	13
5741378210	Seppuku	Honorable ritual suicide of a samurai.	14
5741380972	Francis Xavier	Missionary in hopes to convert Japan to Catholicism and eventually gain access to china.	15
5741438806	Ivan IV ("The Terrible")	Expanded Russia eastward and northern into Siberia and Amur River where they came in contact with Galdan's Mongols.	16
5741438807	Mikhail Romanov	Representation of the boyar and tried to settle between Turkic people of central Asia, and Christians.	17
5741441307	Cossacks	Referred to diverse populations of different ways of living on eastern steppes of people who provided strong military effort.	18
5741443671	Peter the Great	Tsar that modernized Russia by developing ways of western Europe.	19
5741446110	Manchus	From Manchuria in Northeastern Asia.	20
5741448173	Li Zicheng	Lead rebellion that eventually took over Beijing.	21
5741448174	Kangxi	Well educated progressive leader of the Qing dynasty that increased superiority on a world base level.	22
5741450796	Tokugawa Ieyasu	Ended Japan's civil wars by creating Tokugawa Shogunate.	23
5741454120	Siberia	Northeastern area later dominated by Russia with thick forests and center for fur trade.	24
5741457694	Muscovy	Center of the Russian empire that surrounds Moscow.	25
5741459692	St. Petersburg	City created in Peter the great's reign after the Great Northern War.	26
5741528631	Ming Empire	Known for porcelain trade by Europeans, had conflicting issues with Manchu and southern rebellions, eventually taken over by the Qing Empire.	27
5741535325	Qing Empire.	Empire that took over the Ming and reestablished important boundaries.	28
5741541086	Tokugawa Shogunate	New form of political and military authority that re-united Ming china with a blend of samurai modern rules with former Confucian analects.	29
5741544478	Edo	Present day Japan, the administrative center for the Tokugawa Shogunate that connected to the main trading center Kyoto.	30
5741544479	Great Northern War	War between Russia and Siberia at the Baltic sea, this defined Russia as an official superior power with defined borders.	31
5741547348	Treaty of Kiakhta	Regulated the relations between Imperial Russia and the Qing Empire of China until the mid nineteenth century.	32
5741550367	Treaty of Nerchinsk (list results)	In 1689, it was the first treaty between Russia and China. The Russians gave up the area south of the Amur River and east of the mouth of the Amur River but kept the area between the Amur River and Lake Baikal in exchange for permission to trade with China and China's recognition of the Russian empire.	33
5741550368	"Closing" of Japan	Only Dutch allowed because they were interested in nothing but trade, destroyed navy and forbade travel.	34
5741553180	"Forty-Seven Ronin" Incident	Group of Japanese samurai who avenged the disgrace and suicide of their master, Lord Asano, in 1703 by assassinating Lord Kira, the official responsible for his death.	35
5741556534	What impact did the Jesuits have on China?	1. Came with Portuguese and Spanish merchants to China 2. The Jesuits had success in converting the Chinese elites 3. The Jesuit Matteo Ricci used his mastery of the Chinese language and culture to gain access to the imperial court 4. Emperor Kangxi put Jesuits in important offices 5. Jesuits adapted Catholic Christianity to Chinese cultural tradition and tolerated Confucian ancestor worship to gain converts 6. Introduced the Chinese to the latest European science/technology 7. Declined in the 18th century	36
5741556535	List 10 accomplishments of Peter the Great.	1. Moved Russian capital to St. Petersburg 2. Modernized Russia 3. Led resurgence of arts in Russia 4. Reduced Russian isolation 5. Expanded Russia's land mass and power 6. Made a navy 7. Promoted army officers based on merit, thus improving the army 8. Introduced European trade and technology 9. Streamlined Russian government and communication 10. Crowned Czar at age 10	37
5741556536	Why was Siberia so valuable?	Many Russians felt at home in the forested northern part of Siberia than on the open steppes, and thinly inhabited region teemed with valuable resources. Most prominent was the soft, dense fur that forest animals grew.	38
5741559830	List 10 reasons why the Ming Dynasty fell.	1. Temperature change 2. Mongols and Manchus took land along the Ming border 3. Diseases 4. Revolts 5. Flow of silver caused inflation 6. Taxes hit rural population 7. Use of paper money 8. No growth in agricultural productivity 9. Migration 10. Disorder and inefficiency in urban industrial sector	39
5741559831	Explain how the early Qing Empire expanded trade.	To make trade easier to tax and to limit piracy and smuggling, the Qing permitted only one market point for each foreign sector. Europeans were only allowed to trade in Canton. The "Canton System".	40