AP World History Midternm Flashcards

7703380503	A society is almost certainly a civilization if	It practices sedentary agriculture	0
7703380504	The development of writing	Helps explain why governments could become more formal and bureaucratic	1
7703380505	The earliest known writing in a civilization first developed in	The middle east	2
7703380506	Sumerian civilization produced the first	Written law code	3
7703380507	The characteristic political organization of the Tigris-Euphrates civilization was	Regional city states	4
7703380508	Egypt differed from Mesopotamia civilization by stressing	Well organized, durable empires	5
7703380509	Which river valley civilization was most completely destroyed by natural disasters such as climate change?	Indus	6
7703380510	Among the early river civilizations	The Huanghe culture in China was the most isolated	7
7703380511	Which of the following areas was NOT one of the earliest civilizations to develop?	West Africa	8
7703380512	Cuneiform an other types of writing are important in part because they	Help organize elaborate political structures	9
7703380513	Unlike Sumer and Indus valley or Harappan civilizations, Egypt	is particularly difficult to study because it's writing has not been deciphered	10
7703380514	In early china, unity and cultural identity were provided by	A common system of writing	11
7703380515	In Egypt, the pharaoh's power was exercised through the extensive use of ________ headed by regional governors	Bureaucracy	12
7703380516	While all four RCV's were ________ societies, the Chinese are RCV particularly emphasized the male gender as the leaders in society	Patriarchal	13
7703380517	Extensive use of _______ for unskilled labor purposes was a common feature of the RCV's	Slaves	14
7703380518	The introduction and use of ________ for military and labor ( tools ) purposes, revolutionized society in the RCV's	Bronze/metal	15
7703380519	A major cause of decline for the RCV was the continuous attacks from outside ____________	Invaders	16
7703380520	As trade developed, name another feature of society that would have been transferred?	Currency/technology/language	17
7703380521	As RCVs began to emerge, they attracted invaders and______ to the region.	Migrants	18
7703380522	The importance of a writing system allowed for______	The ability to communicate between RCV's and record keeping	19
7703380523	Monumental buildings/temples found in Mesopotamia	Ziggurats	20
7703380524	System of writing in Mesopotamia	Cuneiform	21
7703380525	Valley civilization found in India	Indus	22
7703380526	Yellow river or River Valley civilization in China	Huanghe	23
7703380527	System of controlling water on agricultural land	Irrigation	24
7703380528	The law code of the Babylonians in Sumeria	Hammurabi's code	25
7703380529	The worship of multiple gods	Polytheism	26
7703380530	One difference between classical civilizations and River Valley civilizations that was in classical civilizations	Political organizations were more elaborate	27
7703380531	Put the dynasties in the correct order - starting with the oldest (first)	ZHOU, QUIN, HAN	28
7703380532	A "dynasty" in Chinese history was	A family that passed the imperial title from generation to generation	29
7703380533	The "son of heaven" concept was designed to promote all of the following EXCEPT	Priests control of the state	30
7703380534	The QIN dynasty differed from the ZHOU in that	It was more centralized	31
7703380535	All of the following constituted a function of government in the HAN China EXCEPT	Schools for peasant boys	32
7703380536	Chinese views of nature emphasized	Harmony and balance	33
7703380537	Which of the following was a confucian belief	A good society has a hierarchy both in family and state	34
7703380538	Ceremony became an important part of upper - class Chinese life because	The Chinese believed that it would help unify society and prevent greed	35
7703380539	Daoists would agree with Confucianist on all of the following EXCEPT	The importance of political activity	36
7703380540	The Chinese government accepted Daoism for all of the following reasons EXCEPT	Daoists believed that and nobles were holier than peasants	37
7703380541	Chinese art featured	Careful craftsmanship and detail work	38
7703380542	Which of the following groups was considered "low standing" in official Chinese social hierarchy	Merchants	39
7703380543	One of China's key economic strength was	High levels of technological innovations	40
7703380544	Women in HAN Chinese society	Sometimes become quite powerful in a household	41
7703380545	Wu Ti And other HAN rulers generated peace throughout Asia by halting Chinese expansion	False	42
7703380546	During the ZHOU dynasty, china extended its territory into the middle Kingdom	True	43
7703380547	Despite China as long as centralized government in the classical era, strong local units never totally disappeared	True	44
7703380548	The decline of the HAN was due solely to internal domestic unrest	False	45
7703380549	The Chinese social structure was composed of two classes; the land owning aristocracy and the laboring masses	False	46
7703380550	The famous trade route that started in China and connected India, the Mediterranean and Persia is called	Silk road	47
7703380551	In the last century of the ZHOU, some of China's greatest thinkers including______tried different ways to restore order and social harmony	Confucius	48
7703380552	______The brutal founder of the QIN dynasty, consolidated power in China and adopted a different style of political control then the ZHOU	Shi Huangdi	49
7703380553	______The most famous of the HAN rulers, supported Confucianism and promoted peace	Wu Ti	50
7703380554	To run the government efficiently, a trained____, at its height numbering 130K governmental officials, was extensively developed by the HAN rulers	Bureaucracy	51
7703380555	The political philosophy adopted by the QIN called____countered Confucianism by favoring and authoritarian state and harsh rule	Legalism	52
7703380556	Daoism taught harmony with nature and humble living.________Was Daoism's most popular figure and credited with its introduction	Laozi	53
7703380557	Art in classical China was most decorative and appeared in many forms including ornate writing called____, as well as carved jade and ivory, and silk screens	Calligraphy	54
7703380558	The period of when ZHOU dynasty disintegrated and before the rise of the QIN, is called the_____	The period of warring states	55
7703380559	____Became the official language of the ZHOU dynasty	Mandarin	56
7703380560	A famous example of "cultural diffusion" in classical China	The adoption of Buddhism	57
7703380561	Confucian doctrine (teachings) was recorded in a book called____	Five Classics	58
7703380562	The Aryan conquers brought to India	Distinctive religious ideas	59
7703380563	The Mauryan dynasty differed from the Gupta dynasty in that	It ruled a larger territory	60
7703380564	India's political tradition	Stressed the importance of regional and local units	61
7703380565	The Indian caste system served to an extent as a political institution by	Enforcing rules about social behavior	62
7703380566	Confucian and Hindu values both	Help justify and preserve social inequality	63
7703380567	Hindu ethics involved	Emphasis on an individual carrying out the obligations of life	64
7703380568	Hinduism urged that	All living creatures participated in the divine essence	65
7703380569	Buddhism differed from Hinduism by not believing	In the caste system	66
7703380570	" nirvana " meant	Full union with the divine essence	67
7703380571	India's trading network involves direct contact with all of the following EXCEPT	Russia	68
7703380572	Compared to China, Indian social and economic structure	Gave a stronger role to merchants	69
7703380573	Compared to China, India	Had greater contact with other societies and civilizations	70
7703380574	In the classical period, both China and India	Showed considerable tolerance for different religions	71
7703380575	The first ruler of the Maurya empire was	Chandragupta	72
7703380576	Unlike other world religions, Hinduism had no single founder or central holy figure	True	73
7703380577	In 322 B.C.E., Ashoka seized power and became the first leader of the gupta dynasty	False	74
7703380578	The gupta dynasty controlled less territory than the Maurya	True	75
7703380579	Towards the end of the epic age, Guatama built on the foundation of Hinduism to create another world religion	False	76
7703380580	Classical India was similar to classical China in that it remained relatively isolated and its development	True	77
7703380581	Indian social structure was characterized by its rigidity and lack of interaction across several classes	False	78
7703380582	The priestly class or______stood at the top of India's caste system	Brahmins	79
7703380583	Unlike China from a social hierarchy perspective, the_____class was given a higher ranking	Merchant	80
7703380584	A Hindu and concept that more or less placed you in a lower or higher caste system following rebirth is called____	Reincarnation	81
7703380585	Subgroups of castes, each with a distinctive occupations and tied to their social stations by birth are called____	Jati	82
7703380586	India's economic productivity was defined by agriculture,____production and ironmaking	Steel, cotton	83
7703380587	The religion founded by the Indian prince, Gautama, is____	Buddhism	84
7703380588	The arrival of____, sometimes twice yearly contributed greatly to agricultural development	Monsoon weather	85
7703380589	If the Greek genius was politics, the Roman genius was	Engineering	86
7703380590	The two Mediterranean powers fighting in the Punic wars were	Carthage and Rome	87
7703380591	Compared to modern American ideas about democracy, Athenian democracy was distinctive in	Urging that all citizens participate directly in lawmaking and policymaking	88
7703380592	Greek politics resembled Indian politics in	The tendency of regional fragmentation	89
7703380593	From the Confucian view point, the Roman empire might have been criticized for placing too much confidence in	Laws rather than trained officials	90
7703380594	Republican Romans and democratic Athenians would have agreed that all of the following were politically important EXCEPT	Division of powers within the state	91
7703380595	The Senate of republican Rome particularly represented	The landed aristocracy	92
7703380596	Roman emperors tried to prevent popular disorder by	Organizing food supplies and distribution	93
7703380597	The Roman empire	Tolerated local political and religious diversity	94
7703380598	This Socratic method emphasized the importance of	Questioning	95
7703380599	Compared to Chinese architecture, Greek and Roman architecture	Featured monumental styles	96
7703380600	Greek and Roman agriculture	Tended to develop large, commercial estates	97
7703380601	Roman slaves were used for all of the following EXCEPT	Military service	98
7703380602	Both Rome and the ancient Greeks depended on slavery. One result of this was	Both groups flagged in technological advances when compared to the Chinese or the Indians	99
7703380967	One important early symptom of Romes decline was	The drop in population due to a series of plagues	100
7703380968	Roman classical culture borrowed heavily from the Greek and Hellenistic states	True	101
7703380969	While subordinate to men, Roman women were considerably freer and less oppressed than where their Chinese counterparts	True	102
7703380970	With regard to merchants, Rome, Greece, China were ambivalent towards merchants despite their vital roles in commerce	True	103
7703380971	Tyrrhenian agriculture under the Greeks and Romans favored small farmers instead of large landed estates	False	104
7703380972	The Mediterranean civilization lagged behind both India and China in the production of agricultural technology	True	105
7703380973	The quintessential form of the Greek political institution was the " polis " or the	City states	106
7703380974	Doric, _______, and the Corinthian were three forms of Greek columns in classical architecture	Ionic	107
7703380975	_______________ Was a religion developed by the Persian around 600 B.C.E.	Zoroastrianism	108
7703380976	The___wars were the wars between Sparta and Athens	Peloponnesian	109
7703380977	________is a form of government where decisions are based on the rule of the vote of the people themselves	Direct democracy	110
7703380978	Two____Were the two senators who shared executive power in the Roman Republic	Consuls	111
7703380979	The Roman Law Code developed in response to the democratization of the Roman Republic was called____	The 12 tables	112
7703380980	The north African city destroyed by the Romans during the punic wars was called____	Carthage	113
7703380981	The____Was the name of the social class that populated the Roman Senate	Patricians	114
7703380982	____Was the Latin term for "peace and prosperity"	Pax Romana	115
7703380983	political____, especially among administrators and even emperors, was a major cause of the empires decline	Corruption	116
7703380984	The Arabic camel nomads were referred to as	Bedouin	117
7703380985	What was the ka' ba	The religious shrine that was the focus of an annual truce	118
7703380986	Which of the following statements most accurately describes the status of women in the Bedouin society prior to Islam	They enjoyed greater freedom and higher status than byzantine and Persian women	119
7703380987	What was the Umayyad response to Muhammad's Migration to Madinah and subsequent success there	War broke out between Mecca and Medina resulting in the eventual victory of Muhammad and the Medina clans	120
7703380988	What was the principal advantage of the Islamic concept of the ummah	It transcended old tribal boundaries and made possible political unity among Arab clans	121
7703380989	Which of the following statements concerning the ethical system of early Islam is an NOT correct	The teachings of the Prophet and the Quran were not formally incorporated into a body	122
7703380990	Which of the following is NOT among the "five pillars "of Islam	Pilgrimage to Medina	123
7703380991	What was Muhammad's teachings with respect to the revelations of other monotheistic religions?	Muhammad excepted the validity of earlier Christian and Judaic revelations and taught that his own revelations were a final refinement and reformulation of earlier ones	124
7703380992	The office of political and religious successor of Muhammad was called	Caliph	125
7703380993	Why did the Arab warriors not want to convert large numbers of people to Islam	They would have had to share their booty and would have lost tax revenues	126
7703380994	What was the results of the first Civil War between Ali and Umayyads?	Despite early successes, Ali's faction disintegrated leading to an Umayyad victory and Ali's assassination	127
7703380995	The political and theological faction within Islam that recognized only Ali and the descendants of the family of Muhammad as rightful ruler is what is called	Shi' is	128
7703380996	Under the Umayyads, the political center of Islam shifted to	Damascus	129
7703380997	What was the nature of citizenship within the Umayyad empire	Only Muslim Arabs were first - class citizens of this great empire	130
7703380998	The term for non - Arab Muslim converts is	Mawali	131
7703380999	The Abbasids move the political center of their empire to	Baghdad	132
7703381000	What was the Umayyad attitude to other religions	The Umayyads displayed tolerance towards the religions of the dhimmi peoples	133
7703381001	What was the most significant of the transformations brought about by the Abbasids rise to power?	The mawali were admitted as full members of the Islamic community	134
7703381002	What was the nature of the Abbasid government?	The Abbasids out did the Umayyads in establishing an absolutist government symbolized by the growing powers of the wazirs and the sinister presence of the executioner	135
7703381003	What was the nature of the economy of the Abbasid period?	It was a period of general prosperity typified by urban growth and the restoration of the Afro - Eurasian trade axis	136
7703381004	What was the status of artisans in Abbasid cities?	Artisans were free men who owned their own tools and who formed guild like organizations to negotiate wages	137
7703381005	What was the nature of slavery within the Abbasid social system?	Because most unskilled labor was left to the unfree, slaves could be found in both the towns and country side of the Abbasid Empire	138
7703381006	Many of the soldiers within the mercenary private armies common to the later Abbasid Empire were slaves	True	139
7703381007	Most of the converts to Islam in India were formally Buddhist or members of the Brahmin cast	False	140
7703381008	The conversion of south eastern Asia to Islam was accomplished by conversion of port cities followed by extension into the backcountry	True	141
7703381009	Sati Was the Indian ritual that required the Emily shin of the living widows of deceased men	True	142
7703381010	The Seljuk Turks where is central Asian nomads who captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph	False	143
7703381011	Most powerful trading city in the mainland of Melia was Goa	False	144
7703381012	In response to the Islamic challenge, Hindus placed a greater emphasis on Bhaktic cults that stress the importance of strong emotional bonds to the gods	True	145
7703381013	A brilliant Islamic theologian, al-Ghazali attempted to fuse mongol and Quranic traditions	False	146
7703381014	While spreading Islam into Asia, the Sufi mystics and traders commanded elements of animistic, Hindu, and Buddhist rituals into a carnation of Islam	True	147
7703381015	The ulama were Orthodox religious scholars within Islam who pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology	True	148