AP World History - Strayer Chapter 18 Flashcards

8960469003	steam engine	steam engine Mechanical device in which the steam from heated water builds up pressure to drive a piston, rather than relying on human or animal muscle power; the introduction of the steam engine allowed a increase in productivity and made the Industrial Revolution possible; Invented by James Watt	0
8960469004	Indian Cotton Textiles	well-made and inexpensive cotton textiles from India; competition stimulated the British textile industry to industrialize, led to the eventual destruction of the Indian textile market in Europe and India	1
8960469005	Middle class Values	middle-class values Belief system typical of the middle class that developed in Britain in the nineteenth century; it emphasized thrift, hard work, rigid moral behavior, cleanliness, and "respectability"	2
8960469006	lower middle class	Developed in nineteenth century that consisted of people employed in the service sector as clerks, salespeople, secretaries, police officers, and the like; by 1900, about 20 percent of Britain's population	3
8960469007	Karl Marx	Karl Marx a philosopher and economist famous for his ideas about capitalism and communism	4
8960469008	Labour Party	Working-class political party in the 1890s and dedicated to reforms and a peaceful transition to socialism, viable alternative to the emphasis of Marxism	5
8960469009	Latin American export boom	Large-scale increase in Latin American exports (mostly raw materials and foodstuffs) to industrializing countries in the second half of the nineteenth century, made possible by major improvements in shipping; the boom mostly benefited the upper and middle classes	6
8960469010	Proletariat	the industrial working class; originally used in ancient Rome to describe the poorest part of the urban population	7
8960469011	Bourgeoisie	owners of industrial capital; originally meant "townspeople"	8
8960469012	Socialism in the US	minor political movement in the United States	9
8960469013	Progressives	advocated reform measures to correct the ills of industrialization	10
8960469014	Russian Revolution of 1905	Russia's defeat at the hands of Japan in 1905; the revolution was suppressed, but it forced the government to make substantial reforms	11
8960469015	Mexican Revolution	Mexican reformers from the middle class joined with workers and peasants to overthrow the dictator Porfirio Díaz and create a new democratic order	12
8960469016	Caudillos	strongman who seized control of a government in nineteenth-century Latin America	13
8960469017	Dependent development	Latin America's economic growth financed by foreign capital, dependent on European and North American	14