AP World History Flashcards

9918913002	Abraham	Father of Judaism	0
9918913003	Hatshepsut	First female Egyptian pharoah	1
9918913004	Aryans	Early Indian migrants who mixed/fought with the Dravidians	2
9918913005	Dravidians	Early Indian inhabitants who fought and intermarried with the Aryans	3
9918913006	Olmec	First Mesoamerican civilization who practiced human sacrifice. Their descendants were the Mayans and the Aztecs.	4
9918913007	Phoenicians	Shipbuilding society that created the first alphabet	5
9918913008	Bantus	African migrators that influenced African languages and migrated throughout Africa, settling especially in West Africa	6
9918913009	Cyrus	First Persian Ruler	7
9918913010	Darius	Best/strongest Persian Ruler	8
9918913011	Xerxes	Third Achaemenid Persian ruler who couldn't completely unify Persia because of internal crises and external threats.	9
9918913012	Confucius	Founder of Confucianism	10
9918913013	Laozi	Founder of Daoism	11
9918913014	Han Feizi	Chinese legalist	12
9918913015	Xongnu	Central Asian nomads who policed the Silk Roads	13
9918913016	Ashoka Maurya	Mauryan leader who started out as a conqueror then turned to Buddhism after witnessing death. He put Buddhist edicts on pillars and allowed the movements of missionaries.	14
9918913017	Chandra Gupta	Gupta emperor (Hindu)	15
9918913018	Siddhartha Gautama	The Buddha. He witnessed suffering, then meditated under a tree until he figured out that life was suffering, and the key to stop suffering was to stop desiring.	16
9918913019	Pericles	Important Athenian leader who ordered the building of the Parthenon	17
9918913020	Alexander the Great	Macedonian conqueror who took over the Achaemenid Persian empire.	18
9918913021	Socrates, Plato, Aristotle	3 Greek philosophers. Aristotle was very scientific as well.	19
9918913022	Julius Caesar	Roman leader who attempted (failing, though) to make the Roman republic into an empire because of its uncontrollable size.	20
9918913023	Augustus Caesar	First Roman emperor who transformed the republic into an empire.	21
9918913024	Jesus Christ	Founder of Christianity, believed to have been crucified by the Roman empire.	22
9918913025	Paul of Tarsus	Spreader of Christianity. He went to many places throughout Europe to preach the word of the Christian God.	23
9918913026	Constantine	Christian emperor of Rome who established Christianity within Rome and founded the city of Constantinople.	24
9918913027	Diocletian	Roman emperor who dealt with the uncontrollable size of Rome by setting up co emperors to rule Rome and keep it unified.	25
9918913028	Muhammad	The great Islamic prophet, who received dreams from Allah and preached them.	26
9918913029	Mansa Musa	Wealthiest man who ever lived. He was a Mali emperor. On his hajj to Mecca he gave out so much gold that he ended up causing hyperinflation.	27
9918913030	Temujin, Chinggis Khan, Genghis Khan	Mongol conqueror who created the largest empire in the world, spanning from Eastern Europe to China.	28
9918913031	Marco Polo	Italian traveler who served in Kublai Khan's court.	29
9918913032	Ibn Battuta	Islamic traveler who served in government positions to preach about Islam in places that didn't have that much Islamic influence.	30
9918913033	Mehmed II	Ottoman conqueror who took over Byzantium and renamed Constantinople Istanbul.	31
9918913034	Justinian	Byzantine ruler who codified Roman law for the first time.	32
9918913035	Theodora	Justinian's wife, who was extremely intelligent.	33
9918913036	Charlemagne	Ruler of the Carolingian empire, the one unifying empire during the Middle Ages.	34
9918913037	St. Thomas Aquinas	Established the study of scholasticism and how to answer questions and debates.	35
9918913038	Pope Urban II	Called for the first Crusade.	36
9918913039	Toltecs	Mesoamerican society, ancestors of the Aztecs.	37
9918913040	Aztecs	Mesoamerican society who settled in Mexico, descendants of the Maya. They established their capital in modern Mexico City.	38
9918913041	Montezuma	Ruler of the Aztec empire during its contact with Europe.	39
9918913042	Petrarch	Father of humanism	40
9918913043	Boccaccio	Poet from Italy who wrote about merchants	41
9918913044	Johannes Gutenberg	Printing press	42
9918913045	Machiavelli	"Better to be feared than loved."	43
9918913046	Erasmus	Humanist who saw problems with the Catholic Church	44
9918913047	Luther/Calvin	95 theses; CRC	45
9918913048	Aristocracy	upper class have power	46
9918913049	barbarian	primitive, uses violence for most things	47
9918913050	brahmins	Hindu priestly class	48
9918913051	Civilizations/advanced societies	Society with specific culture/way of life	49
9918913052	Complex institutions	Specialization of trade	50
9918913053	dharma	Hindu belief of strictly obeying laws, basis of Buddhism, cosmic order	51
9918913054	Diversified food supply	variety of food	52
9918913055	dynastic cycle	rise and fall of Chinese dynasties	53
9918913056	egalitarian	women have more rights/say	54
9918913057	ethical/legal codes	written law codes (Hammurabi)	55
9918913058	irrigation systems	artificial application of water to the soil	56
9918913059	karma	actions decide on fate after death, whether you'll be reborn, and what will happen when you're reborn	57
9918913060	pastoral/pastoralism	raising livestock for food	58
9918913061	record keeping	notes about activities/events	59
9918913062	secular	get rid of stuff without religion	60
9918913063	settled populations	people who were settled based on agriculture	61
9918913064	syncretism	religions and cultures coexist	62
9918913065	theocracy	God ruling (emperors as "gods")	63
9918913066	Ancestor veneration	respect of ancestors	64
9918913067	caste system	intense social hierarchy of India	65
9918913068	dao	the way of nature (China)	66
9918913069	diaspora	people settle far from their homeland	67
9918913070	hellenistic	era after Alexander the Great conquered Greece	68
9918913071	manifestations	clinical effects/signs of disease	69
9918913072	rajas	term for hindu kings	70
9918913073	republic	people vote for leaders	71
9918913074	sanskrit scriptures	revealed part of Hindu religion	72
9918913075	Shamanism	Meditation between visible & spirit world through shamans	73
9918913076	social harmony	Societal accord in Confucianism	74
9918913077	Bushido	Japanese samurai code of honor	75
9918913078	fiefs	estate of land owned through feudalism	76
9918913079	gentry	scholarly class in China, got land for being gov't officials	77
9918913080	Grand Canal	built during the Sui Dynasty, sped up travel/commerce	78
9918913081	Guilds	Groups of craftsmen/merchants	79
9918913082	Kow tow	touching forehead to ground as a sign of submission	80
9918913083	Manorialism	agricultural economy of Middle Ages	81
9918913084	Quipu	Incan mnemonic device to record events	82
9918913091		Worked on lords' land for protection	83
9918913085	Sharia	Islamic holy law of both Quran and other things	84
9918913086	Shia	Muslim minority	85
9918913087	Southernization	Spread of Asian beliefs	86
9918913088	Swahili	city-state society in E. Africa, active in trade	87
9918913089	tax farming	taxes on agriculture	88
9918913090	synthesized	bringing together different elements	89