AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards
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5589330797 | The Mongol way of life was ____________. (i.e. agricultural, hunting, ect.) | Pastoral | 0 | |
5589330798 | By whom was menial work in Mongol camps done? | Slaves | 1 | |
5589330799 | The Mongol leader, the khan, had his decisions ratified by who? | A council | 2 | |
5589824288 | What was one religion among the several or many that virtually all Mongols observed? | shamanism | 3 | |
5589824289 | As a means of continuing to spread the Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan used what 4 means to expand and control his territories? | *Not "diplomatic negotiation" | 4 | |
5589824290 | Where were the first Mongol conquests under Genghis Khan? | china | 5 | |
5589824291 | Which of the Mongol Khans conquered Rus' in 1236? | Batu | 6 | |
5589824292 | To maintain control of vast areas, the Mongols formed different khanates. The Golden Horde ruled over _________________. | Russia | 7 | |
5589849246 | In 1265, why did major divisions emerge between the Mongol khans? | Many branches refused to accept Kublai as Great Khan | 8 | |
5589893085 | After rejection by his family for the title of Great Khan, Khubilai formed what empire? | The Yuan Empire | 9 | |
5589893086 | List 4 contributing factors to Mongol military supremacy. | *Not "enormous conscripted armies to outnumber their enemies" | 10 | |
5590026487 | What effect did narratives such as Marco Polo's have on Europeans? | ambition to find easier routes to Asia | 11 | |
5590063124 | What was one of the most significant effects of Mongol trade routes? | the spread of diseases including the plague | 12 | |
5590063125 | The conflict between the Il-khans and the Golden Horde originated in ________ differences. | religious differences | 13 | |
5590140942 | In 1295, the Il-khan ruler Ghazan converted to which religion? | Islam | 14 | |
5590140943 | In an attempt to repel non-Muslims in the Il-Khan and Crimean/Caucauses areas, with whom did the Golden Horde formed an alliance? | egyptian Mamluks | 15 | |
5590140944 | Tax farming is | sale of tax-collecting contracts to small corporations. | 16 | |
5590140945 | Apparently envisioning himself as a new Genghis Khan, this ruler attacked the Muslim sultanate of Delhi in 1398: | Timur | 17 | |
5590140946 | Why was there a cultural flowering in Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia under the Timurids? | Iran and China shared artistic trends and political ideas. | 18 | |
5590263904 | Who attempted to write the first world history? | Rashid al-Din | 19 | |
5590263905 | What were the scholar Nasir al-Din Tusi's most notable contributions? | mathematical developments in algebra and trigonometry | 20 | |
5590263906 | A significant transmission and sharing of scientific knowledge was found in the form of eclipse _______ and __________. | predictions and tables | 21 | |
5590263907 | List all the groups who have translated the significant scientific discoveries of Islamic scholars. | a. Arabic scholars. b. Byzantine monks into Greek. c. Christian scholars in Spain. d. Indian scholars in Delhi. ANSWER: all of these. | 22 | |
5590263908 | What economic problems did Russia see during the time of Mongol domination? | a. overzealous tax collection by Russian princes b. the burden of taxation carried by the peasantry. c. the attempt to introduce paper money by the Mongols. d. direct exchange of goods rather than purchases in currency. Answer: All of these | 23 | |
5590263909 | Who was the Russian prince who advocated cooperation with the Mongols to avoid destructive assimilation? | Alexander Nevskii. | 24 | |
5590358876 | Which Russian ruler was the first to use the term "tsar"? | Ivan IV. | 25 | |
5590358877 | Stephen Dushan took advantage of weakening Byzantine influence and proclaimed himself tsar of which 4 groups? | the Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians, and Albanians. | 26 | |
5590358878 | Mongol armies often consisted of a ___________ force with Mongol leaders. | multinational | 27 | |
5590358879 | List 4 advancements the Europeans learned about from the Mongols | • Movable type & bronze cannon • Gunpowder & high-temperature metallurgy • Coal mining & higher mathematics • Diplomatic passports *Not porcelain | 28 | |
5590404698 | In 1453, the Ottomans conquered which important Christian city? | Constantinople | 29 | |
5590404699 | List 4 benefits of Mongol rule in the Yuan Empire. | *Not " transition to tax farming instead of fixed rate method" | 30 | |
5590460315 | Mongol rulers in China were increasingly influenced by the idea of a universal rulership model by religious leaders from where? | Tibet | 31 | |
5590460316 | What was the most lasting impact of the Mongols on China? | The Mongols brought silk and porcelain production to China | 32 | |
5590488114 | The Yuan tax administration relied on _______, ________, and ________ administrators. | Persian, Arab, and Uighur | 33 | |
5590488115 | Which group held the lowest social rank in Yuan China? | Southern Chinese | 34 | |
5590549559 | After the introduction of paper money in China caused economic instability, the Mongols restored a degree of economic stability by doing what? | cutting off trade with Japan to stem the flow of copper exports | 35 | |
5590549560 | What was one effect of the rise of cities in Yuan China? | the increasing influence of Mandarin | 36 | |
5590549561 | Reliance on provincial production of goods instead of urban centralization of production was termed __________ __________. | cottage industry | 37 | |
5590549562 | Which of the following is not one of the aspects of Mongol rule that created hardship and a sharp population decrease in China? | Their insistence that the Chinese practice agriculture rather than trade | 38 | |
5590549563 | In 1368, the Yuan Empire was overthrown and replaced by the | c. Ming Empire. | 39 | |
5590595788 | To demonstrate their rejection of the Mongols, what did the Ming emperors do? | severed relations with the Middle East and Central Asia and closed the borders to foreigners. | 40 | |
5590595789 | The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called the | Forbidden City | 41 | |
5590595790 | Because Mongols controlled access to the Silk Road after the overthrow of the Yuan, on what did the emperor Yongle put an emphasis? | Trade by ships | 42 | |
5590595791 | What was Zheng He's primary accomplishment? | acquiring Ming tributary states. | 43 | |
5590612269 | Why didn't Ming China develop seafaring for commercial and military gain? | The Mongol threat from the north took priority over seafaring | 44 | |
5590708850 | What was the primary reason for the slowdown of technology after Yongle's death? | limitation of the mining industry by the Ming empire | 45 | |
5590708851 | List 4 reasons for economic decline in China after the death of Yongle. | • Decreased production of metal • Lack of commercial development • Reemphasis of the classic examination system, rather than commercialism • A switch to growing staple crops instead of commercial crops *Not "Resurgence of the bubonic plague" | 46 | |
5590708852 | Water Margin and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are examples of what? | Ming literature. | 47 | |
5590708853 | The Ming produced one of the most prized commercial products of Eurasia, which was ____. | Porcelain | 48 | |
5590708854 | List 4 areas (countries) which were under Mongol domination. | a. Japan b. Korea c. China d. Vietnam e. Russia *Not "Japan" | 49 | |
5590708855 | Which coastal area did the Mongols see as crucial to choke off the sea trade of their enemies? | korea | 50 | |
5590708856 | Which leading family in Korea became attached and loyal to the Mongols? | Koryo family | 51 | |
5590764347 | Two main areas of mechanized production in Yi Korea were in _______ and _______. | cotton and moveable-type font | 52 | |
5590764348 | What resulted in the rise of literacy in Korea? | improved printing system and han'gul writing system | 53 | |
5590764349 | Unlike in Ming China, the development of agriculture in the Yi kingdom was based on what cash crop? | cotton | 54 | |
5590764350 | What military techniques or innovations made the Yi military a formidable defensive force? | Cannon w/ gunpowder-driven arrow launchers | 55 | |
5590764351 | What prevented the Mongols from invading Japan? | storm | 56 | |
5590780282 | How did the threat of Mongol invasion affect Japan? | Military gov. built coastal defenses, hoping to consolidate warrior class | 57 | |
5590780283 | What does kamikaze mean? | wind of the gods | 58 | |
5590780284 | The ancestor of modern Vietnam was formed when Annam annexed ________. | Champa | 59 |