AP Biology - Macromolecules Flashcards
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| 10758081638 | monosaccharide | C6H12O6 simple sugar; glucose, galactose, and fructose |  | 0 |
| 10758081639 | disaccharide | two monosaccharides joined together; C12H22O1; maltose, lactose, and sucrose |  | 1 |
| 10758081640 | dehydration synthesis | condensation; joining compounds together with water released |  | 2 |
| 10758081641 | hydrolysis | breakdown of a compound by adding water |  | 3 |
| 10758081642 | polysaccharide | polymers of carbohydrates |  | 4 |
| 10758081643 | cellulose | structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls |  | 5 |
| 10758081644 | starch | storage polysaccharide found in plants |  | 6 |
| 10758081645 | fatty acid | hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids |  | 7 |
| 10758081646 | saturated fat | fat without double bonds |  | 8 |
| 10758081647 | unsaturated fat | fat with double bonds |  | 9 |
| 10758081648 | peptide bond | bond creating amino acid chains or polymers |  | 10 |
| 10758081649 | functional group | components of organic molecules most often involved in chemical reactions | 11 | |
| 10758081650 | cohesion | capacity to resist tension to rupture |  | 12 |
| 10758081651 | polymer | long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |  | 13 |
| 10758081652 | monomer | building block for polymers; only made by producers | | 14 |
| 10758081653 | hydrocarbon | organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon |  | 15 |
| 10758081654 | macromolecule | giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules |  | 16 |
| 10758081655 | glycosodic linkage | covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction | 17 | |
| 10758081656 | carboxyl | oxygen double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group |  | 18 |
| 10758081657 | amine | nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton |  | 19 |
| 10758081658 | phosphate | phosphorous bonded to four oxygens, two have negative charges, one is bonded to the carbon skeleton; phospholipid |  | 20 |
| 10758081659 | nonpolar | electrons shared equally |  | 21 |
| 10758081660 | polar | electrons shared unequally |  | 22 |
| 10758081661 | cohesion | water's capacity to resist tension to rupture |  | 23 |
| 10758081662 | adhesion | attraction between different kinds of molecules |  | 24 |
| 10758081663 | surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid |  | 25 |
| 10758081664 | evaporative cooling / heat of vaporization | property of a liquid where the surface becomes cooler during evaporation due to the loss of molecules |  | 26 |
| 10758081665 | hydroxyl | hydrogen bonded to oxygen bonded to an organic molecule's carbon skeleton; alcohol; polar |  | 27 |