AP Bio chapter 15 Flashcards
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| 8241895687 | chromosome theory of inheritance | According to this theory, genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes | 0 | |
| 8241895688 | Loci | Point on the chromosome where the gene is found | 1 | |
| 8241895689 | Thomas Hunt Morgan | used Drosophila melangaster (fruit flies) to confirm the existence of sex-linked traits | 2 | |
| 8241895690 | SRY gene | sex determining region of the Y chromosome | 3 | |
| 8241895691 | sex-linked gene | gene located on the X or Y chromosome | 4 | |
| 8241895692 | hemizygous | the single set of genes that males acquire from their mother's X chromosome | 5 | |
| 8241895693 | Barr body | A dense body formed from a deactivated X chromosome. | 6 | |
| 8241895694 | Mosaicism | Cells in one individual have different genotypes - arise due to mutation during development (example: mottled coloration of a cat, a human with patches of normal skin and patches of skin lacking sweat glands) | 7 | |
| 8241895695 | greater | the number of genes in a cell is far _______ (greater/less) than the number of chromosomes | 8 | |
| 8241895696 | linked genes | Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses. (AaBb - the a and b traits are linked) | 9 | |
| 8241895697 | genetic recombination | the production of offspring with combinations of traits differing from either parent (example: a yellow wrinkled pea and a green smooth pea are combined and their offspring is a yellow smooth pea, unlike either parent) | 10 | |
| 8241895698 | parental types | Offspring with a phenotype that matches one of the parental phenotypes. | 11 | |
| 8241895699 | recombinant types (recombinants) | when offspring display phenotypes that are different than parents | 12 | |
| 8241895700 | crossing over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. | 13 | |
| 8241895701 | genetic map | An ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome. |  | 14 |
| 8241895702 | Alfred H. Sturtevant predicted that... | the farther apart two genes are, the higher the probability that a crossover will occur between them and therefore the higher the recombination frequency. | 15 | |
| 8241895703 | linkage map | A genetic map based on recombination frequencies. |  | 16 |
| 8241895704 | Nondisjunction | Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate (one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome and the other receives none) | 17 | |
| 8241895705 | aneuploidy | Abnormal number of chromosomes. | 18 | |
| 8241895706 | monosomic | Referring to a cell that has only one copy of a particular chromosome, instead of the normal two. | 19 | |
| 8241895707 | trisomic | Referring to a cell that has three copies of a particular chromosome, instead of the normal two. | 20 | |
| 8241895708 | polyploidy | condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes | 21 | |
| 8241895709 | deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation | what are the four types of chromosomal mutations that can occur in meiosis? | 22 | |
| 8241895710 | Deletion | the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome |  | 23 |
| 8241895711 | Duplication | change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated |  | 24 |
| 8241895712 | inversion | A mutation involving a piece of a chromosome that breaks off and reattaches in reverse orientation. |  | 25 |
| 8241895713 | Translocation | The process in which a segment of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. |  | 26 |
| 8241895714 | genomic imprinting | Variation in phenotype depending on whether an allele is inherited from the male or female parent. | 27 | |
| 8241895715 | organelle genes | Genes found on an organelle instead of nuclear chromosomes | 28 |