AP Language Sets A-E Flashcards

11733346181	ALLITERATION	repetition of the same sound within nearby words; most often, repeated initial consonants	0
11733346182	APOSTROPHE	addresses an abstraction, an inanimate object, or to the someone not present	1
11733346183	HYPERBOLE	exaggeration for effect	2
11733346184	MEIOSIS	understatement for effect	3
11733346185	LITOTES	making an affirmative point by denying its opposite	4
11733346186	PERSONIFICATION	giving human characteristics to non-human things	5
11733346187	IRONY (verbal and situational)	reversal of expectations or speaking in such a way as to imply the contrary of what one says	6
11733346188	SARCASM	a mocking or derogatory statement, usually ironic, directed and intended to hurt another person	7
11733346189	SATIRE	literary genre that uses irony, wit and sometimes sarcasm to expose humanity's vices and foibles, giving impetus to change or reform through ridicule	8
11733346190	SIMILE	comparing two distinct things by using connective words such as like or as	9
11733346191	METAPHOR	identify one object or idea with another in one or more aspects via representation or substitution	10
11733346192	METONYMY	substituting the word in mind with an object closely related to it (White House for President)	11
11733346193	SYNECDOCHE	a part of something is used to represent the whole of something (all hands on deck)	12
11733346194	ANAPHORA	repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences	13
11733346195	ANTIMETABOLE	repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order (similar to chiasmus)	14
11733346196	ANTITHESIS	balancing contrasting terms against each other for emphasis	15
11733346197	ZEUGMA	one word is used to mean two different things simultaneously	16
11733346198	ANASTROPHE	reversal of word order to make a point	17
11733346199	ANTECEDENT	the original noun, noun phrase or clause referred to later in the text by other means (pronouns, metaphors, etc.)	18
11733346200	APPOSITIVE	a noun or noun phrase that further describes a nearby noun or pronoun	19
11733346201	PHRASE	group of words without a verb (always dependent on other words to make a complete sentence)	20
11733346202	CLAUSE	group of words with a verb (independent clauses are complete sentences; dependent clause require an independent clause to make a complete sentence)	21
11733346203	SIMPLE SENTENCE	sentence containing one independent clause	22
11733346204	COMPOUND SENTENCE	sentence containing multiple independent clauses	23
11733346205	COMPLEX SENTENCE	sentence containing at least one independent and at least one dependent clause	24
11733346206	FRAGMENT	incomplete sentence (can be effective depending on the purpose)	25
11733346207	SUBORDINATION	the use of a conjunction to make the meaning of one clause dependent on another clause	26
11733346208	PASSIVE VOICE	when the object of the verb is the subject of the sentence. (The homework is read by Sam.)	27
11733346209	ACTIVE VOICE	when the subject is doing the action. (Sam reads the homework.)	28
11733346222	STATUS QUO	the existing condition or state of affairs	29
11733346223	ACERBIC	bitter, sharp in taste or temper	30
11733346224	CRITICAL	finding fault	31
11733346225	CAUSTIC	(adj.) able to burn or eat away by chemical action; biting, sarcastic	32
11733346226	GUISE	outward appearance; false appearance	33
11733346227	SEMBLANCE	a likeness; an outward appearance	34
11733346228	DISPARAGE	regard or represent as being of little worth	35
11733346229	PROSCRIBE	to forbid	36
11733346230	APHORISM	a concise statement of a truth or principle	37
11733346231	SINE QUA NON	an essential or indispensable element or condition	38
11733346232	AFFLUENT	rich; prosperous; wealthy	39
11733346233	ILLUSORY	deceptive; false; misleading	40
11733346234	DISPARATE	fundamentally different; entirely unlike	41
11733346235	VINDICATE	clear from hint or charge of wrongdoing; to justify	42
11733346236	APLOMB	confidence without arrogance	43
11733346237	AUSPICIOUS	favorable; promising	44
11733346238	HARANGUE	long, passionate, ranting speech (diatribe)	45
11733346239	DISSENT	difference of opinion (implies refusal to assent and/or withholding consent)	46
11733346240	UBIQUITOUS	present, appearing, or found everywhere	47
11733346241	PARADIGM	model or pattern; worldview, set of shared assumptions, values, etc.	48
11733346242	TRAVESTY	a grotesque or grossly inferior imitation (often unintentional)	49
11733346243	CREDULOUS	too trusting; gullible	50
11733346244	UNTENABLE	impossible to defend or justify	51
11733346245	OPULENT	luxurious; grandiose	52
11733346246	TACIT	understood or implied without being stated	53
11733346247	COMPUNCTION	a feeling of anxiety caused by regret for doing something wrong or causing pain	54
11733346248	EXACERBATE	to increase the severity; aggravate	55
11733346249	AMELIORATE	to make or become better or improve	56
11733346250	PLACATE	to appease or pacify with concessions	57
11733346251	ASSUAGE	to make milder; relieve; soothe, calm fears or anger	58
11733346252	VIABLE	1. capable of living; 2. useful or effective	59
11733346253	DENIGRATE	to attack the reputation of; to speak ill of	60
11733346254	VEHEMENT	strongly emotional; intense or passionate	61
11733346255	DELINEATE	to portray in words; describe with precision	62
11733346256	INURED	made tough by habitual exposure	63
11733346257	SALIENT	prominent; of notable significance	64
11733346258	EXTOL	to praise, to glorify	65
11733346259	ENERVATE	to weaken; to reduce in vitality	66
11733346260	LACONIC	brief and to the point	67
11733346261	VERBOSE	wordy, long winded	68
11733346262	CACHET	a mark of distinction; prestige	69
11733346263	ELICIT	to draw forth, bring out from some source	70
11733346264	OBSCURE	unclear; not well known; partially hidden; hard to understand	71
11733346265	VISCERAL	Instinctive rather than rational	72
11733346266	QUINTESSENTIAL	the most typical; ideal	73
11733346267	ELUCIDATE	to clarify, explain	74
11733346268	FIAT	an official order, a decree	75
11733346269	SACROSCANT	holy; too sacred to attack (often used ironically)	76
11733346270	WINDFALL	unexpected good fortune	77
11733346271	ASCETICISM	self-restraint; doctrine that claims renunciation of worldly pleasures allows one to achieve a higher spiritual state of being	78
11733346210	POSTHUMOUS	occurring after a person's death	79
11733346211	ONUS	a difficult obligation, task, burden, responsibility	80
11733346212	PEJORATIVE	having a disparaging or belittling effect	81
11733346213	IMMUTABLE	unchangeable	82
11733346214	RECAPITULATE	summarize briefly	83
11733346215	CAPITULATE	to surrender; to give up resistance	84
11733346216	PREEMINENT	superior; surpassing; above or before others	85
11733346217	SARDONIC	mocking; cynical; sneering	86
11733346272	INNATE	existing from birth, inborn	87
11733346273	DISILLUSION	to disappoint someone by breaking his or her belief in a false ideal	88
11733346274	GUILE	treacherous cunning, deceit	89
11733346275	OSTRACIZE	exclude from a group, banish, send away	90
11733346276	IMPUGN	to attack as false or questionable	91
11733346277	IMPUNITY	exemption from punishment	92
11733346278	MITIGATE	to make milder or softer, to moderate in force or intensity	93
11733346279	INCESSANT	continuing without pause or interruption (seemingly nonstop)	94
11733346280	VIS A VIS	in relation to or compared with	95
11733346281	INSIDIOUS	intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous	96
11733346282	TUMULTUOUS	disturbance and uproar; raising a great clatter and commotion	97
11733346283	SUBSTANTIATE	to support with proof or evidence	98
11733346284	POLEMICAL	controversial; argumentative	99
11733346285	EGREGIOUS	outstandingly bad	100
11733346286	LAMBASTE	attack verbally	101
11733346287	VACUOUS	lacking ideas or intelligence; empty	102
11733346288	VACILLATE	waver; sway indecisively	103
11733346218	OBSTINATE	firmly and unreasonably adhering to one's purpose, opinion	104
11733346219	OBDURATE	unmoved by persuasion, pity, or tender feelings; unyielding.	105
11733346220	INGRATIATE	gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts	106
11733346221	ESOTERIC	understandable by only an enlightened inner circle	107
11733346289	REPLETE	full; abundant; filled to the brim	108
11733346290	RIFE	prevalent; widespread; common (often negative)	109
11733346291	REPREHENSIBLE	shameful; very bad	110
11733346292	ENSCONCE	to settle securely or snugly; comfortably	111
11733346293	ENSHROUD	to cover; conceal; to enclose with a dark cover	112
11733346294	TEDIUM	dullness; monotony; boredom	113
11733346295	RESCIND	to take back, repeal	114
11733346296	REFUTE	to prove incorrect	115
11733346297	LAMPOON	to ridicule with satire	116
11733346298	HEDONISM	belief that attainment of pleasure is life's chief aim	117
11733346299	EPHEMERAL	short-lived; fleeting	118
11733346300	BOMBASTIC	pompous or pretentious talk or writing	119
11733346301	OBFUSCATE	to confuse; to bewilder	120
11733346302	DECORUM	proper behavior, good taste; orderliness	121
11733346303	DOGGED	persistent, stubbornly determined, refusing to give up	122
11733346304	CURTAIL	to cut short; end sooner than expected	123
11733346305	DEGRADE	reduce someone's worth or value; step down to a lower position, rank, social status (suggest humiliation)	124
11733346306	PRESUMPTUOUS	too forward or bold; overstepping proper bounds	125
11733346307	PROPENSITY	a natural inclination or tendency	126
11733346308	PENCHANT	a strong inclination or liking	127
11733346309	INEPT	unskilled; clumsy; incompetent	128