AP world history midterm study Flashcards

10511384537	North America		0
10511384538	Latin America		1
10511384539	North Africa		2
10511384540	Sub-Saharan Africa		3
10511384541	Eastern Europe		4
10511384542	Western Europe		5
10511384543	Middle East		6
10511384544	South Asia		7
10511384545	East Asia		8
10511384546	Southeast Asia		9
10511384547	Oceanic		10
10511384549	fall of the western roman empire	476 C.E.	11
10511384550	start of Islam	610 C.E.	12
10511384551	Black Death spreads to Europe to mongol controlled Silk Road Byzantine empire	1333-1351 C.E.	13
10511384552	Ottoman Turks take over Constantinople & rename it Istanbul	1453 C.E.	14
10511384553	Columbus sails ocean, trade goes world wide	1492 C.E.	15
10511384554	-mostly born into -rituals/priests important to both -patriarchal -method codes (Hinduism- karma, Judaism-10 commandments) -holy scriptures (Hinduism-Vedas, Judaism- Old Testament) -new religions will come out of both	similarities between Judaism & Hinduism	16
10511384555	-Judaism strictly monotheistic -Hinduism millions of dieties - ideas of reincardination in Hinduism -no beef in Hinduism -no pork in Judaism - caste system for Hinduism	differences between Judaism & Hinduism	17
10511384556	Lack of luxury	What does Spartan mean?	18
10511384557	all powerfull	What does omnipotent mean?	19
10511384558	-easy to practice -spreads on trade routes (silk & Indian Ocean) -appeals to lower class/ women -monastic communities - holy scriptures (Christianity- the Bible, Buddhism- the Dharma) -ethical codes (Christianity- 10 commandments, Buddhism- 4 noble truths)	Similarities between Christianity & Buddhism	20
10511384559	-Christianity monotheistic -Buddhism non-theistic -Main goal of Buddhism is Nirvana -Main goal of Christianity is Heaven -Buddha didn't see himself as divine	Differences between Christianity & Buddhism	21
10511384560	Muhammad	founder of Islam	22
10511384561	The Quran	textbook to Islam	23
10511384562	Sunni & Shi'ite	branches of Islam	24
10511384563	Mecca, Saudi Arabia	hearth of Islam	25
10511384564	Mosque	place of Islamic worship	26
10511384565	1 (monotheistic)	number of Gods in islam	27
10511384566	5 pillars 1. One god (allah) 2. Pray 5x a day 3. Giving alms 4. Ramadan feasting 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca	basic beliefs of Islam	28
10511384567	a religion, or an individual right/democracy	Confucianism is NOT	29
10511384568	Confucius	founder of Confucianism	30
10511384569	- importance of family - respect for elders - reverence for one's ancestors - do your duty - know your role - the golden rule ( do unto others as you would have the do unto you) - based on age, gender, status	main beliefs of Confucianism	31
10511384570	East Asia (china)	where was Confucianism predominate	32
10511384571	silk, porcelain, spices, olives, olive oil, cotton, textiles, tortures shells, ivory, gold, wine	Silk Road traded goods	33
10511384572	Measles, Small Pox, the Plague (Black Death), flu	Silk Road diseases	34
10511384573	Buddhism, Christianity, Islam	Silk Road religions	35
10511384574	stirrup	Silk Road technology	36
10511384575	Cities	_____ continue to grow because of the Silk Road.	37
10511384576	Changaan, Samarkand, Merv, etc.	Cities located on the Silk Road	38
10511384577	pepper, cotton goods, spices, silk, porcelain, ivory, rice, coffee, books, weapons	Indian Ocean Trade goods	39
10511384578	islam, Buddhism, some Christianity	Indian Ocean religions	40
10511384579	monsoon winds (dhow boat used for lateen sail)	Indian Ocean trade heavily relied on ______ _______ that were predictable to move them along the Ocean.	41
10511384580	gold, slaves, ivory, etc.	Saharan Trade traded goods	42
10511384581	enviromental changes	The Bantu people of Africa began their migrations due to _____ _____ in the area which is now the Sahara desert.	43
10511384582	music, dance, & language	Bantu cultural commonalities like _____, ____, & ______ were a major effect of the Bantu Migration.	44
10511384583	550 B.C.E.	Buddhism & Confucianism both began around _____.	45
10511384584	wealth	As monasteries popped up along the Silk Road, this caused an increase in ______.	46
10511384585	good fortune	People believed that donating money & gifts to the monks/montesaries would bring them _____ _____.	47
10511384586	Buddhism & ancestor worship	In China, it was common to see cultural syncretism between _____ & _____ _____.	48
10511384587	Buddhism	What religion was based on the idea of suffering?	49
10511384588	Tang (China)	What dynasty was based on testing with government civil examinations?	50
10511384589	holy war	Meaning of jihad	51
10511384590	Sharia	What was the daily law code for Islamic societies?	52
10511384591	gambling, pork, alcohol	What did Sharia law prohibit?	53
10511384592	leader of Islam	What is the Caliph?	54
10511384593	Sunni	90% of Islam population is _____.	55
10511384594	Caliph	The Sunni & Shiite argue over who should be the ______.	56
10511384595	Spain	What was the most dominant country in Europe in the 16th century (1500s)?	57
10511384596	600-1200 C.E.	When was the Early Middle Ages?	58
10511384597	Han	What Empire invented paper?	59
10511384598	slavery	The Roman empire was more heavily reliant on _____ than the Han because Roman agriculture was heavily reliant on slave labor for things like wine production & Han had technology like water mills for grinding grain.	60
10511384599	Paterfamilias	Roman ideas of ________(means of providing order in society) most closely resmebles patriarchal structures of Han China.	61
10511384600	Gupta	The _____ empire in India is most known for its contribution in the field of mathematics. (concept of zero, pi, & decimal point)	62
10511384601	border land invaders	The Gupta empire fell because of ______ _____ _____ known as the nomadic group called the White Huns.	63
10511384602	-centralized gov't -diplomacy (over 70 different ethnic groups) -infrastructure (Royal Road) -rural & engaged in agriculture & maintance of adequate water supply -established tax collecting system	Persian empire (600 B.CE.- 600 C.E.)	64
10511384603	-used Silk Road -infrastructure (roads & forts) -diplomacy (all citizens equal under law) -declined because of border land invaders -declines because of spread of disease -rule of law -1/3 of Empire was salves -produced wine & olive oil	Roman Empire (600 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.)	65
10511384604	-patriarchal -collapsed in 220 C.E. due to conflicts with peasants over land redistribution -invasion of border land nomadic Germanic & mongol tribes -used Silk Road -spread of disease declined empire -used iron tools	Han Empire (600 B.CE.- 600 C.E.)	66
10511384605	logic (use of reason)	Aristotle used ____.	67
10511384606	Muhammad	_____ tried helping women's treatment in Saudi Arabia with the Quran.	68
10511384607	-outlaw female infanticide (killing of baby girls) -brides, not husbands, claim dowries -get cash payment in divorce -own property	What did Muhammad do to help the status of women?	69
10511384608	male dominate	Even though Muhammad did improve the status of females, the Abbasid Empire was still _____ _____.	70
10511384609	veils	Islamic women wore _____ that were adopted from ancient Mesopotamia.	71
10511384610	algebra	Abbasid Empire furthered the Gupta's knowledge in mathematics & created _____.	72
10511384611	universities	Other empires got the idea of _______ from Abbasid Empire.	73
10511384612	Constantinople	The capital of the Byzantine empire was ______.	74
10511384613	orthodox Christianity	predominate religion in Byzantine Empire	75
10511384614	Islam	predominate religion in Abbasid Empire	76
10511384615	Byzantine	What Empire developed banking services?	77
10511384616	Justinian	The Byzantine Empire followed ____'s laws which was a body of civil law that was a revival of legal traditions of Rome.	78
10511384617	-developed compass -produced porcelain & steel in large quantities -champa rice grown that lead to increasing population -used Silk Road	Song Dynasty	79
10511384618	-footbinding -used Silk Road -began testing men with government civil examinations	Tang Dynasty	80
10511384619	-built on loyalty & military services -serfs, knights, lords, kings	feudalism in Western Europe	81
10511384620	-built on hereditary hierarchy -serfs, samurai, daimyo, emperor, shogun	feudalism in Japan	82
10511384621	1200-1450 C.E.	When was the Late Middle Ages?	83
10511384622	secured	The Mongols ______ the Silk Road.	84
10511384623	Mongols	The ______ traditionally rode horses while being able to shoot arrows.	85
10511384624	conquered	The Mongols often incorporated weapons from people they ______.	86
10511384625	Mongols	The _____ had a unified army of 100,000 in north China & Central Asia.	87
10511384626	Russia	The Mongols were interested in obtaining taxes/tribute from Russian princes like Alexander Nevsky & ruled ______ from "a far".	88
10511384627	cannon	What gunpowder based weapon is considered a Mongol invention?	89
10511384628	World War ll	The only conflict in world history that killed more people than the Mongol conquests was _____ ____ __.	90
10511384629	Mansa Musa	King _____ _____ went on a pilgrimage to Mecca & along the way gave out so much gold that it brought the value of gold down. Upon his return from his pillgrimage, he built mosques & promoted Islam.	91
10511384630	Timbuktu (became center of Islamic learning)	West African city in Mali	92
10511384631	gold	What was the most precious commodity in West African trade?	93
10511384632	made up of Bantu & some Arabic	The Swahili coast (East Africa) language	94
10511384633	Islamic	The Swahili coast (East Africa) was perdominately _____.	95
10511384634	Mexico (Latin America/Mesoamerica)	Where was the Aztec empire located?	96
10511384635	chinamapas	The Aztec empire used ______ which were floating gardens that increased the amount of space for food production.	97
10511384636	corn, beans, squash, chilli peppers	key crops Aztec empire grew	98
10511384637	They believed that the gods had sacrificed themselves in order to create the world, so human sacrifice & blood was repayment for human sin.	why did the Aztecs practice human sacrifice?	99
10511384638	wheeled vehicles & pack animals	The Aztecs did NOT have _____ _____ & ______ _____.	100
10511384639	Aztec	The ______ empire used trade routes made by the Maya & others plus the Pacific, Caribbean, & Gulf Coasts.	101
10511384640	cloth, cacao, rubber balls, etc.	traded goods of Aztecs	102
10511384641	Mayans & Azetcs	The ______ & _____ both used hyrogliphics as a writing system.	103
10511384642	Chocolate	____ was a good unique to Americas.	104
10511384643	Mexico	Where was Mayan Empire located?	105
10511384644	Peru	Where was the Incan empire located?	106
10511384645	civil war weakened inca empire, disease, & Spanish enslaving natives	What factors caused the Incas to fall to the Spanish?	107
10511384646	1300-1450	What was the time period of the Aztec Empire?	108
10511384647	1300-1450	What was the time period of the Incan Empire?	109
10511384648	Martin Luther	_____ ____ attacked Catholic Roman Church practices because he was upset they were settling indolences.	110
10511384649	Lutheranism	_____ becomes first Protestant faith because of Martin Luther.	111
10511384650	King Henry Vlll	____ ____ ___ broke away from Catholic Church & formed Church of England (Anglican church) in mid 16th century (1560) because they would not let him divorce.	112
10511384651	-priests could marry -priest projecting more power than they had -people should be able to read bible in their language (not just Latin)	Key beliefs of Martin Luther	113
10511384652	Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, France, & Holland	5 European countries established Maritime/sea based empires	114
10511384653	India	Where did Vasco Da Gama go?	115
10511384654	"God, glory, & gold"	Motives for European exploration	116
10511384655	Indonesia	Where did Afonso de Albuquerque establish trade?	117
10511384656	India & Indonesia	Where did Dutch establish trade in Indian Ocean?	118
10511384657	France & England	What 2 countries were competing for trade in North America?	119
10511384658	India	The British East India Company was located in ____. (1st example of joint stock company)	120
10511384659	Indonesia	The Dutch East Indies Company located in ____.	121
10511384660	Sugarcane	What cash crop did the Portuguese cultivate in Brazil?	122
10511384661	often worked to death by Portuguese	How were the slaves treated in producing Sugarcane?	123
10511384662	Native Americans	Small pox, measles, & influenza killed anywhere from 50-90% of _____ _______.	124
10511384663	Silver	What metal made the Spanish empire wealthy?	125
10511384664	Mexico, Cuba	Spain colonized	126
10511384665	Montreal (Canada), Haiti	France colonized	127
10511384666	13 colonies, Jamaica	England colonized	128
10511384667	Brazil	Portugal colonized	129
10511384668	wheat, grapes, okra, sugar, rice, barley, oranges, lettuce, coffee	Columbian Exchange (From Afro-Eurasia to Americas) plants	130
10511384669	pigs, cows, horses, oxen, chickens, sheep, goats, rats	Columbian Exchange (From Afro-Eurasia to Americas) animals	131
10511384670	Bubonic Plague, typhus, influenza, measles, small pox	Columbian Exchange (from Afro-Eurasia to Americas) disease	132
10511384671	written alphabet, farming technology, architecture, corporate structure	Columbian Exchange (from Afro-Eurasia to Americas) technologies/ideas	133
10511384672	potatoes, tomatoes, beans, corn, peppers, yams, manioc, chocolate, tobacco, avocado, maize, squash, vanilla	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) plants	134
10511384673	turkeys, llamas, alpacas, guinea pigs	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) animals	135
10511384674	syphilis	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) disease	136
10511384675	rubber, quinine	Columbian Exchange (from Americas to Afro-Eurasia) technologies/ideas	137
10511384676	Atlantic System/ Triangular trade	Europe --> Africa (guns, rum) Africa --> Americas (slaves) "middle passage" Americas --> Europe (sugar, tobacco, coffee, sliver)	138
10511384548	Atlantic system/ Triangular Trade		139
10511384677	silver	The currency in 1450-1750 was _____.	140
10511384678	Dutch	Japan banned all foreigners from entering except the ____ because they were strictly business & did not try to preach.	141
10511384679	Islam (Muslims)	Indonesia predominate religion	142
10511384680	Ottoman	The _____ empire took over Constantinople & remained it Istanbul.	143
10511384681	Christian boys who were subjects of empire were recruited by force to serve ottoman government, convert to Islam, & taught skills	(Ottoman Empire) describe devshirme system	144
10511384682	free peasants	Most agriculture laborers in the Ottoman empire were ____ _____.	145
10511384683	famous group that formed elite forces in Ottoman Empire	who were the Janissaries?	146
10511384684	Ottoman & Mughal	gunpowder empires in Islamic world	147
10511384685	Akbar	_____ defeated Hindu armies & extended Mughal Empire southward & westward, established efficient government & system of laws, paid gov't officials in charge of specific duties, & tolerated all religions.	148
10511384686	Sati & child marriages	what 2 traditional behaviors toward women did Akbar try to outlaw?	149
10511384687	Babur	Who started the Mughal empire in India?	150
10511384688	coffee & tobacco	_____ & _____ were goods important in Ottoman Empire.	151
10511384689	Christians, Jews	What religious groups allowed for religious diversity in Ottoman Empire?	152
10511384690	Hindus, Jains, Zoroastrians, Christians, Sikhs	What religious groups allowed for religious diversity in Mughal Empire?	153
10511384691	Islam	The Mughal & Ottoman empires were both strong in _____.	154
10511384692	blue mosques & topkapi palace	monumental architecture in Ottoman Empire	155
10511384693	Taj Mahal	monumental architecture in Mughal empire	156
10511384694	Hindu	The Mughal empire in India can be best described as a system in which an Islamic minority rules over a _____ majority.	157
10511384695	Central Asia	Both Ottoman & Mughal empires were established by skilled warriors on horseback who came originally from ____ ____.	158
10511384696	administrative government	Both Ottoman & Mughal empires had efficient _______ _____ structures that help them rule their lands.	159
10511384697	pashas	The Ottoman central government appointed officials called _____ to help run districts within the empire.	160
10511384698	Anatolian peninsula	In the late 13th century, the Ottoman Turks under the leader of Osman began to build power in the northwest corner of the _____ _____.	161
10511384699	unity	The Mughals brought an era of ____ to the subcontinent of India in the 1600s.	162