AP World History: CHP 8 Flashcards

8425881374	Bantu migrations	Waves of rapid migrations population movement from West Africa into eastern and southern Africa during the 1st millenium CE that brought advanced agricultural practices to these regions and absorbved most of the preexisting hunting-and-gathering populkatios.	0
8425881375	Byzantium	Modern term for the eastern Roman Empire, centered at its "new Rome," Constantinople.	1
8425883941	Code of manu	Part of the handiwork of Brahman priests; a representative code of law that incorporated social sanctions and practices and provided guidance for living within the bcaste system.	2
8425883942	Creed	Formal statement of faith or expression of a belief system. A Christian "credo" was formulated by the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE.	3
8425888305	Hinayana buddhism	A form of Buddhism that accepted the divinity of Buddha himself but not of demigods, or bodhisattvas.	4
8425888306	Hinduism	A refashioning of the ancient Brahmanic Vedic religion, bringing it in accord with rural life and agrarian values. It emerged as the dominant faith in Indian society in the third-century CE. Believers became vegetarians and adopted rituals of self-sacrifice. Three major deities—Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva—formed a trinity representing the three phases of the universe (birth, existence, and destruction, respectively) and the three expressions of the eternal self, or atma.	5
8425898053	Madhyamika (middle way) buddhism	Chinese branch of Mahayana Buddhism established by Kumarajiva (344-413 CE) that used irony and paradox to show that reason was limited.	6
8425898054	Martyr	People executed by the Roman authorities for persisting in their Christian beliefs and refusing to submit to pagan ritual or belief.	7
8425898055	Sanskrit cosmopolis	A cultural synthesis based on Hindu spiritual beliefs and articulated in the Sanskrit language that served to unify South Asia in place of a centralized empire.	8
8425900980	Universalizing religions	Religions that appeal to diverse populations; are easily adaptable across various cultural and geographical areas; promote universal rules and principles to guide behavior that transcend place, time, and specific cultural practices; are proselytized by energetic and charismatic missionaries; foster a deep sense of community felt by their converts; are supported by powerful empires.	9