AP World History AMSCO chapter 8 vocab Flashcards

11135791837	Abbasid	Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam; came to power in 750 C.E.	0
11135791838	Baghdad	Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon	1
11135795654	Viziers	Prime ministers in the Abbasid Empire	2
11135799160	Seljuk Turks	nomadic people from central Asia who converted to Islam and took command of the empire in 1055	3
11135802878	Sultan	Muslim ruler	4
11135805334	Mamluks	Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries	5
11135808926	Cordoba	Capital of Muslim Spain	6
11135812722	Battle of Tours	(732 CE) European victory over Muslims. It halted Muslim movement into Western Europe.	7
11135815709	Muhammad	The last prophet who lived in the desert lands of the Arabian Peninsula	8
11135824219	Bedouins	small groups of nomadic people in Arabia	9
11135824220	Polygyny	having more than one wife at a time	10
11135837615	Allah	God of Islam	11
11135837616	Mecca	the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace	12
11135841919	Quran (Koran)	The holy book of Islam	13
11135841920	Medina	City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca.	14
11135847715	Hegira	Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina	15
11135851529	Ka' aba	the cube shaped shrine in Mecca believed to be built by Abraham	16
11135857546	Five pillars	beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage	17
11135851530	People of the Book	what Muslims called Christians and Jews which means that they too only believe in one god	18
11135862367	Ramadan	the ninth month of the Muslim year, during which strict fasting is observed from sunrise to sunset.	19
11135857547	Jihad	A holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal	20
11135867380	Shariah	Islamic code of law	21
11135867381	Abu Bakr	first caliph after death of Muhammad (father in law)	22
11135867429	Caliph	head of state	23
11135870053	Ali	the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites (cousin and son-in-law0	24
11135870054	Sunnis	Supporters of Abu Bakr	25
11135870055	Shias	Supporters of Ali	26
11135874943	Dar al-Islam	Refers to all of Islamic culture, including Shia and Sunni	27
11135890756	Umayyad Dynasty	A Sunni dynasty that controlled the largest territory of anyone since the Roman Empire; capital is Damascus	28
11135890757	Damascus	Syrian city that was capital of Umayyad caliphate	29
11135899460	Dhows	Large ships that were developed in India and China	30
11135899461	Averroes	Muslim philosopher who used Greek philosophy to explain Islamic truth.	31
11135899459	Imam	(Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque	32
11135908347	Omar Khayyam	Author of the Rubaiyat	33
11135948911	The Rubaiyat	Epic poem of Omar Khayyam; seeks to find meaning in life and a path to union with the divine	34
11135903142	Alhambra	a palace and fortress built in Granada by the Muslims in the Middle Ages	35
11135919016	Dowries	the property a woman brings to her husband at marriage	36
11136247054	Ibn Rushd	a scholar who put all knowledge, except the Quran, to the test of reason	37
11135928419	Sufis	Islamic mystics; spread Islam to many Afro-Asian regions	38
11135919015	Female Infanticide	the killing of baby girls	39
11137560424	Harem	a dwelling set aside for wives, concubines and the children of these women	40
11135922755	Hijab	The practice of dressing modestly or to a specific type of covering	41