AP World History Chapter 14 Terms Flashcards

7208619760	Capitalism	An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of the means of production and by private control over decisions on prices, production, and distribution of goods in a free, competitive market of supply and demand	0
7208621231	Mercantilism	An economic policy pursued by many European nations between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. It aimed to strengthen an individual nation's economic power at the expense of its rivals by stockpiling reserves of bullion, which involved government regulations of trade	1
7208624236	Conquistadores	The Spanish soldiers who invaded and conquered the kingdoms of the New World, especially in Mexico and Peru	2
7208626708	Encomienda	A concession from the Spanish crown to a colonist, giving the colonist permission to exact tribute from a specified number of Native Americans living in a specific area. Conditions were cruel and the Spanish attempted to convert the Indians to Christianity	3
7208629271	Mit'a	A system of forced labor in Peru, begun under Inca rule, by which indigenous communities were required to contribute a set number of laborers for public works for a given period. Conditions were virtual slavery	4
7208632962	Repartimiento	A system by which the Spanish crown allowed colonists to employ Indians for forced labor, Conditions were virtual slavery	5
7208635190	Hacienda	A large rural estate in Spanish America, originating with Spanish colonization in the sixteenth century	6
8731026524	Which of the following statements about Spain's conquests in the New World is NOT true? Selected:	Spanish settlers first colonized the Pacific coast of South AmericaThis answer is correct.	7
8731026525	Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Spaniards were able to defeat much larger Native American forces?	The native Americans believed the Spaniards were gods	8
8731026526	The encomienda system failed when the Indian population was decimated by disease and cruelty.	True	9
8731026527	At least one-third of the silver produced in the Americas between 1527 and 1821 eventually went to:	China	10
8731026528	Adam Smith felt that wealth is created by:	the pursuit of economic self-interest	11
8731026529	Adam Smith felt that:	if workers specialized in tasks they performed well, the economy would be more productive	12
8731026530	Spain's most valuable exports from the Americas in the sixteenth century were:	silver and gold	13
8731026531	Which of the following remained a Catholic country throughout the Reformation and Counter-Reformation?	Spain	14
8731026532	By 1750, major trade routes connected the Americas with Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Pacific islands.	True	15
8731026533	Portuguese possessions in the Americas are located primarily in the northern hemisphere.	False	16
8731026534	This person believed in predestination and set up a theocracy in Switzerland:	John Calvin	17
8731026535	Martin Luther:	urged the suppression of a peasant revolt in Germany	18
8731026536	Portugal:	had insufficient population to maintain a trading empire	19
8731026537	Queen Elizabeth of England:	won a war with Spain	20
8731026538	Which of the following controlled Java's trade?	The Dutch	21
8731026539	Which of the following nation-states was governed by a coalition of businessmen?	the Netherlands	22
8731026540	Louis the XIV's economic policies:	included a policy of mercantilism	23
8731026541	The Russian state did not begin to form until it overthrew	Mongol Domination	24
8731026542	In the 1500s and early 1600s, the Netherlands:	agitated for independence	25
8731026543	During its period of ascendancy in world trade, Britain did all of the following, except:	keep separate markets with separate regulations and taxes within Britain	26
8731026544	This country dominated northern European shipping in the seventeenth century:	the Netherlands	27
8731026545	Britain gained supremacy in world trade in part by:	having a unified national market	28
8731026546	In France in the second half of the sixteenth century:	Henry IV converted to Catholicism	29
8743821976	The Ming dynasty:	fought with Japan during the last decade of the sixteenth century	30
8743821977	The authority of the Ottoman Empire was undermined in the 1500s in part because of:	open trade with the English and the Dutch	31
8743821978	Japan withdrew its forces from mainland Asia in 1598.	True	32
8743821979	Conversion to Christianity was most common among which group in Japan?	the elite	33
8743821980	Seventeenth-century Russia:	had only a very small urban trading class	34
8743821981	Peter the Great:	made major reforms in administration that made his bureaucracy more efficient	35
8743821982	The Mughal empire encouraged the development of internal trade.	True	36
8743821983	Akbar, the ruler of India:	was head of the Mughal empire	37
8743821984	The Qing dynasty was successful in	keeping European merchants out of China	38