AP World History Chapter 13 Flashcards

11783046186	What regions of Asia were most drawn to Chinese cultural and political models?	The agrarian societies in the East and South	0
11783046187	When did Chinese influence on Japan peak?	7th and 8th centuries C.E.	1
11783046188	What is the name of the nature spirits of Japan?	Kami	2
11783046189	What religion played a key role in the transmission of Chinese civilization to Japan?	Buddhism	3
11783046190	In which of the following Japanese periods was Chinese cultural influence most significant?	Nara	4
11783046191	What were the reforms enacted in 646 that intended to thoroughly incorporate Chinese culture and political structure into Japanese society?	Taika	5
11783046192	What was the central purpose of the reforms of 646 in Japan?	To remake the Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor	6
11783046193	What group so threatened the security of the Japanese imperial court in the 8th century that the imperial family moved to Heian?	Buddhist monks	7
11783046194	What was the immediate impact of the imperial move to Heian?	The aristocracy was restored to counterbalance the power of the Buddhist monasteries and took over most of the positions in the central government.	8
11783046195	What was the military organization of the Heian government in Japan?	Local members of the aristocracy were ordered to organize militia forces.	9
11783046196	Life in the imperial court at Heian was described in what Japanese novel?	Tale of Genji	10
11783046197	What appears to have been the primary concerns at the imperial Japanese court at Heian?	Social interaction and status	11
11783046198	By the middle of the 9th century, what aristocratic family exerted exceptional influence over imperial affairs at the Japanese court at Heian?	Fujiwara	12
11783046199	Warrior leaders in the 10th century in Japan who controlled provincial areas and ruled from small fortresses in the countryside were called	bushi.	13
11783046200	Which of the following statements concerning the rise of a provincial military elite during the 10th century in Japan is NOT correct?	The rise of the provincial elite corresponded to the recovery of the imperial government and its overthrow of the aristocracy of the court.	14
11783046201	Mounted troops owing loyalty to the military elite were called	samurai.	15
11783046202	Which of the following statements concerning the relationship of the imperial court to the provincial military elite is most accurate?	In the absence of an imperial military force, law and order broke down leading both the emperor and high officials to hire provincial lords and their military retainers.	16
11783046203	Which of the following statements concerning the nature of warfare among the bushi is most accurate?	Battles hinged on man-to-man duels of great champions typical of the heroic stage of warfare.	17
11783046204	What was the impact of the rise of the samurai on the peasantry in Japan?	Japanese peasants were reduced to the status of serfs bound to the land they worked.	18
11783046205	By the 11th and 12th centuries, what was the status of the Japanese court aristocracy?	Aristocratic families at the court depended on alliances with the provincial warrior elite in order to exercise any power.	19
11783046206	Between 1180 and 1185 the struggle between the two major provincial families,the Taira and the Minamoto, was decided in what wars?	Gempei	20
11783046207	The victory of the Minamoto in 1185 led to the creation of	the bakufu, or military government at Kamakura.	21
11783046208	The victory of the Minamoto marks the beginning of what period in Japanese history?	The feudal age	22
11783046209	The development of regional power bases in Japan among the warrior elites of the countryside corresponded to what events in China?	The decline of the Tang dynasty	23
11783046210	In what year did the Japanese cease to send official embassies to the Chinese emperor?	838	24
11783046211	What title was given to the military leader of the bakufu at Kamakura?	shogun	25
11783046212	Following the death of Yoritomo, what family dominated the military government of the bakufu at Kamakura?	Hojo	26
11783046213	Which of the following statements most accurately describes the nature of the Japanese government following the death of Yoritomo?	Real power rested in the Hojo family, who manipulated the Minamoto shoguns, who in turn claimed to rule in the name of the emperor at Kyoto.	27
11783046214	What government replaced the Kamakura regime in the early 14th century in Japan?	Ashikaga Shogunate	28
11783046215	What was the relationship between the Ashikaga Shogunate and the emperor?	The Ashikaga shoguns fought the emperor at Kyoto who refused to recognize their authority.	29
11783046216	What Japanese ruling faction was destroyed by the full-scale civil war that raged from 1467 to 1477?	the Ashikaga	30
11783046217	What was the political result of the wars that destroyed the Ashikaga Shogunate?	Division of Japan into 3 hundred little states under the daimyos	31
11783046218	How did the principles of warfare change under the daimyos?	Warfare based on spying, timely assaults, wise command and organization of massive armies replaced heroic combat.	32
11783046219	Which of the following statements concerning the society and economy of the warlord or shogun era in Japanese history is most accurate?	Despite political chaos, improvements in agricultural techniques and incentives led to occupation of previously uncultivated areas.	33
11783046220	Which of the following statements concerning the status of women during the era of the daimyos is most accurate?	Women were excluded from inheritance and treated as defenseless appendages of their warrior fathers or husbands.	34
11783046221	During the period of the warring daimyos, what was the factor that led to a revival of Chinese influence on the cultural level?	Zen Buddhism	35
11783046222	In what year did the Han emperors conquer the first Korean kingdom of Choson?	109 B.C.E.	36
11783046223	What kingdom was successful in establishing a unified and independent government in Korea?	Silla	37
11783046224	Which of the following lists gives the correct chronological sequence for the Korean dynasties?	Silla, Koryo, Mongol, Yi	38
11783046225	Which of the following statements concerning the Korean bureaucracy under the influence of China is most accurate?	With the establishment of the Confucian examination system, advancement within the civil service was determined almost exclusively by test scores.	39
11783046226	What was the religious preference of the Korean elite?	Confucianism	40
11783046227	Which of the following statements concerning the nature of the Korean society is most accurate?	Korean society followed the Chinese model of a strong scholar-gentry, a weak aristocracy, and a highly regarded though politically impotent peasantry.	41
11783046228	Which of the following was NOT a difference between the Viet and Chinese cultures prior to their conquest by the Han emperors?	Political institutions	42
11783046229	What was the political result of the Vietnamese drive to conquer regions south of the Red River basin?	The division of the Vietnamese into two kingdoms with capitals at Hue and Hanoi	43
11783046230	Which of the following cultural traits was NOT introduced into Vietnam from China following the Han conquest of 111 B.C.?	Chinese examination system and bureaucracy	44
11783046231	Which of the following was a critical factor in the failure of the Chinese to conquer or assimilate the Vietnamese?	The Vietnamese resistance to Chinese crossed both class and gender barriers	45
11783046232	Following the assertion of Vietnamese independence from China in the tenth century, what aspects of Chinese culture were retained by the Vietnamese rulers?	The Chinese administrative system based on the Confucian examination system	46