AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

7355813997	Abstract	Refers to language that describes concepts rather than concrete images.	0
7355822808	Ad Hominem	In an argument this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. Comes from Latin "against the man"	1
7355829273	Allegory	An extended narrative in prose or verse in which characters, events, and settings represent abstract qualities and in which the writer intends a second meaning to be read beneath the surface of the story	2
7355840891	Alliteration	Repetition of a consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are close to one another	3
7355845829	Allusion	Reference to a well known person, place, or thing from literature, history etc...	4
7660858641	analogy	comparison of two similar but different things, usually to clarify an action or a relationship	5
7660866186	anaphora	repetition of a word phrase or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row	6
7660871826	anecdote	a short simple narrative of an incident	7
7660876544	annotation	explanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite sources or give bibliographical data	8
7660883683	antithesis	the presentation of two contrasting images. ie: To be or not to be	9
7660891264	aphorism	a short often witty statement of a principle or a truth about life	10
7660899341	apostrophe	usually in poetry but sometimes in prose; the device of calling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, place, thing or personified abstraction	11
7660916723	argumentation	writing that attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or an idea by presenting reasoned arguments	12
7660925118	assonance	repetition of vowel sounds between difference consonants, such as in neigh/fade	13
7660931421	asyndeton	commas used to separate a series of words. Effects flow of the sentence	14
7660941956	cacophony	harsh, awkward, or dissonant sounds used deliberately in poetry or prose	15
7660943928	caricature	descriptive writing that greatly exaggerates or distorts a persons physical features	16
7660943929	colloquialism	a word or phrase used in every day conversation, that should be omitted from formal writing	17
7660943930	coherence	quality of a peice of writing in that all parts of it relate back and contribute to the central idea, theme or thesis	18
7660947754	concrete language	language that describes physical things as opposed to abstract thoughts	19
7964161715	Connotation	implied or suggested meaning of a word because of its association in the reader's mind	20
7964168854	Consonance	repetition of identical consonant sounds within two or more words in close proximity	21
7964175748	conundrum	a riddle whos answer is or involves a pun	22
7964179954	deduction	the process of moving from a general rule to a specific example	23
7964184602	denotation	literal meaning of a word as defined	24
7964191594	description	the picturing in words of something or someone through detailed observation	25
7964198624	diction	word choice; an element of style	26
7964201907	didactic	writing whose purpose is to instruct or teach (moral or ethical concerns)	27
7964209591	discourse	spoken or written language including literary works (description, exposition, narration and persuasion)	28
7964247709	dissonance	harsh grating sounds that do not go together	29
7964251609	dramatic irony	when the reader is aware of an inconsistency between a fictional or nonfictional characters perception of a situation and the truth of that situation	30
7964261030	emotional appeal	when a writer appeals to the readers emotions (pathos) to excite and involve the argument	31
7964274916	epigraph	the use of quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at the theme	32
7964282436	ethical appeal	when a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him/her based on a presentation of image of self through text	33
7964300832	euphemism	a more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable.	34
7964313918	euphony	a succession of harmonious sounds used in poetry or prose	35
7964317886	example	an individual instance taken to be representative of a general pattern	36
7964324664	explication	the art of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text	37
7964329343	exposition	the immediate revelation to the audience of the setting and other background information necessary for understanding the plot	38
7964336168	extended metaphor	a sustained comparison often referred to as a conceit	39
8395163269	false analogy	when two cases are not sufficiently parallel to lead readers to accept a claim of connection between them	40
8395186260	figurative language	language that contains figures of speech such as similes and metaphors in order to create associations that are imaginative rather than literal	41
8395199731	figurative speech	expressions such as similes metaphors and personification that make imaginative rather than literal comparisons and associations	42
8395216761	foreshadowing	the use of a hint or clue to suggest a larger event that occurs late in the work	43
8395225243	freight train	sentence consisting of three or more very short independent clauses joined by conjunctions	44
8395237195	generalization	when a writer bases a claim upon an isolated example or asserts that a claim is certain rather than probable	45
8395251227	genre	a type of literary work such as a novel or poem	46
8395259131	hubris	the excessive pride of ambition that leads a tragic hero to disregard warnings of impending doom eventually causing his or her downfall	47
8395274917	humor	anything that causes laughter or amusement	48
8395280112	hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration in order to create humor of emphasis	49
8395287818	image	a word or words either figurative or literal used to describe a sensory experience or an object perceived by the sense	50
8395306480	imagery	words or phrases that use a collection of images to appeal to one or more of the five sense in order to create a mental picture	51
8395318715	induction	the process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization	52
8395328583	inference	a conclusion one can draw from the presented details	53
8395340466	interior monologue	writing that records the conversation that occurs inside a characters head	54
8395347128	invective	a verbally abusive attack	55
8395351520	inversion	reversing the customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase	56
8395366001	irony	a situation or statement in which the actual outcome or meaning is opposite to what was expected	57
8395380086	jargon	the special language of a profession or group	58
8395391489	logic	the process of reasoning	59
8395394189	logical fallacy	a mistake in reasoning	60
8395399749	lyrical	songlike	61
8395404152	metaphor	a figure of speech in which one thing is referred to as another	62
8395408779	metonymy	a figure of speech that uses the name of an object, person, or idea to represent something with which it is associated	63
8395422676	mode	the method or form of a literary work	64
8395428929	mood	similar to tone mood is primarily emotional attitude of a work	65
8395435491	moral	the lesson drawn from a piece of literature	66
8395443054	motif	main theme or subject of a work that is elaborated on in the development of the piece	67
8395453432	narration	the telling of a story	68
8395456766	negative positive	sentence that begins by stating what is NOT true then ending by stating what is true	69
8667818498	non-sequitur	Latin for it does not follow. when one statement is'nt logically connected to another	70
8667827946	objectivity	an impersonal presentation of events and characters	71
8667831971	onomatopoeia	sound words	72
8667834140	oversimplification	when a writer obscures or denies the complexity of the issues in an asrgument	73
8667839351	oxymoron	a figure of speech composed of contradictory words or phrases	74
8667846810	pacing	the movement of a literary piece from one point or one section to another	75
8667857247	parable	a short tale that teaches a moral	76
8667859842	paradox	a statement that seems to contradict itself but turns out to have a rational meaning	77
8667872573	parallelism	the technique of arranging words, phrases, clauses or larger structures by placing them side by side and making them similar in form	78
8667879704	parody	a work that ridicules the style of another work by imitating and exaggerating its elements	79