metabolism Flashcards
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| 7804301398 | metabolism | organism's chemical processes | 0 | |
| 7804301399 | catabolism | breakdown of complex molecules to simple molecules |  | 1 |
| 7804301400 | anabolism | build complex molecules from simple molecules |  | 2 |
| 7804301401 | energy | capacity to do work | 3 | |
| 7804301402 | kinetic energy | energy of motion |  | 4 |
| 7804301403 | potential | stored energy |  | 5 |
| 7804301404 | thermodynamics | study of energy in a collection of matter |  | 6 |
| 7804301405 | first law of thermodynamics | energy cannot be created nor destroyed | 7 | |
| 7804301406 | second law of thermodynamics | every energy transfer increases disordered energy (entropy) | 8 | |
| 7804301407 | entropy | heat | 9 | |
| 7804301408 | spontaneous process | change occurs without outside help (-G) |  | 10 |
| 7804301409 | nonspontaneous process | change cannot occur without input of energy (+G) |  | 11 |
| 7804301410 | free energy | G: total energy of system capable of doing work |  | 12 |
| 7804301411 | enthalpy (H) | total amount of energy in a reaction | 13 | |
| 7804301412 | equilibrium | rate of change in one direction is same as rate of change in opposite direction | 14 | |
| 7804301413 | exothermic | releases heat during a reaction (spontaneous) |  | 15 |
| 7804301414 | exergonic | releases free energy in a reaction (spontaneous) |  | 16 |
| 7804301415 | endergonic | absorbs free energy in a reaction (nonspontaneous) |  | 17 |
| 7804301416 | endothermic | absorbs heat during a reaction (nonspontaneous) |  | 18 |
| 7804301417 | energy coupling | energy released from exergonic process goes into endergonic process |  | 19 |
| 7804301418 | ATP | energy currency molecule of the cell |  | 20 |
| 7804301419 | catalyst | molecule that greatly speeds up a chemical reaction (example:enzyme) |  | 21 |
| 7804301420 | activation energy | energy needed to get a reaction going |  | 22 |
| 7804301421 | substrate specific | enzymes only catalyze a few closely related chemical reactions due to 3D shape |  | 23 |
| 7804301422 | lock and key model | enzyme and substrate fit together due to unique shape |  | 24 |
| 7804301423 | induced fit model | enzyme slightly changes shape to interact with substrate |  | 25 |
| 7804301424 | feedback control | product of one enzyme controlled by another enzyme |  | 26 |
| 7804301425 | denaturation | hot temperature and extreme pH change shape of enzyme's active site |  | 27 |
| 7804301426 | bell curve of enzyme activity | each enzyme has a optimum pH or temperature for maximum activity |  | 28 |
| 7804301427 | cofactor | bind to enzyme to allow enzyme to function |  | 29 |
| 7804301428 | coenzyme | vitamin that binds to enzyme to allow enzyme to function |  | 30 |
| 7804301429 | reversible inhibitor | temporarily binds to enzyme to prevent activity | 31 | |
| 7804301430 | irreversible inhibitor | permanently binds to enzyme to prevent activity |  | 32 |
| 7804301431 | competitive inhibitor | looks similar to substrate and fits into active site without product formation |  | 33 |
| 7804301432 | noncompetitive inhibitor | binds at allosteric site to prevent product formation |  | 34 |