APES 2E Flashcards

12955990875	law of conservation of energy	Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted into different type of energy	0
12955994623	food chain losses occur	at each transfer	1
12955997087	law of conservation of matter	during ordinary chemical changes there is no detectable increase or decrease in quantity of matter	2
12956001077	emergent properties	New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.	3
12956003961	open system	A system in which matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings.	4
12956005352	closed system	A system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave	5
12956008656	isolated system	A system that can exchange neither energy nor matter with its surroundings.	6
12956008657	water cycle	The continuous process by which water moves from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back	7
12956016674	how have humans effected the water cycle	increased the melting of ice storages, building of artificial reservoirs, damming rivers,	8
12956018778	the carbon cycle	The organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again	9
12956026807	human activities affecting carbon cycle	combustion, land use changes, deforestation	10
12956027836	nitrogen cycle	The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere	11
12956029821	nitrogen fixation	the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds, such as ammonia, by natural agencies or various industrial processes.	12
12956032137	nitrification	conversion of NO2 (nitrite) to NO3 (nitrate)	13
12956035326	Assimilation	when nitrogen is absorbed into the body of plants	14
12956036766	Ammonification	decomposers convert organic waste into ammonia	15
12956038030	denitrification	Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas	16
12956041466	eutrophication	A process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria.	17
12956043468	the phosphorous cycle	the cyclic movement of phosphorus in different chemical forms from the environment to organisms and then back to the environment	18
12956046826	Sulphur Cycle	A major biogeochemical cycle consisting of the routes that sulphur atoms take through the nested networks of environmental systems.	19