APES Flashcards

12479665401	Interrelatedness	anything is connected to everything	0
12479670292	ecosystem	what happens in an environment, how the organisms cooperate	1
12479682527	troposphere	layer closest to earth's surface, the greenhouse effect, where weather appears	2
12479734808	stratosphere	The second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. Ozone layer, shielding the sun. also where planes fly	3
12479787881	thermosphere	4th layer. Hot and receives energy from the sun	4
12479796175	exosphere	The outer layer of the thermosphere, extending outward into space. made of light gases- helium, hydrogen, and oxygen	5
12479809847	mesosphere	3rd layer. cold and slows meteors where they burn up	6
12479822387	subduction zone	oceanic plate is sliding under a continental plate. forming volcanoes. coastal range	7
12479833788	fault	crack in earth's crust from plates rubbing against each other "San Andreas"	8
12479842445	convergence	collision of plates, creating tall mountains	9
12479893759	divergence	pulling apart, mid-ocean rifts	10
12479955936	Ecosystem	what happens in an environment	11
12479957266	Abiotic	nonliving part of ecosystem	12
12480136794	biotic	living parts of an ecosystem	13
12480138802	niche	An organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living.	14
12495003974	gene	what determines characteristics, DNA	15
12495008522	population	all the organisms of the same kind	16
12495012930	species	population of all organisms capable of reproducing	17
12495041093	natural selection	A natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.	18
12495045362	evolution	Change in a kind of organism over time due to natural selection	19
12495095412	excessive reproduction	producing more than wanted because of death	20
12495107185	speciation	the production of new species from previously existing species	21
12495112766	Coevolution	Process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other	22
12539483282	How is Earth different from other planets?	liquid water, plate tectonics, protection from sun rays, life is abundant, oxygen rich	23
12539500575	latitude	how far north or south. 0 = equator	24
12539525824	longitude	how far east or west. 0= london	25
12539531526	convection current	hot air rises and eventually comes down	26
12539575352	tectonic plates	Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection currents. made of solid rock, continental and oceanic lithosphere	27
12539590041	layers of earths atmosphere	troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere	28
12539610058	why are the layers of the atmosphere divided the way they are?	they are sectioned by temperature. drops, rises, and so on	29
12539615680	greenhouse effect	in the troposphere, it keeps the earth's surface warm and able to sustain life	30
12539625641	tropopause	between troposphere and stratosphere. it is a cold trap, we wouldn't have water without it	31
12539684264	ozone layer	in the stratosphere, it is a protective layer against harmful sunlight	32
12539693191	key steps of scientific method	careful observation, asking questions about observed events, construction and testing of hypothesis, openness to new info, willingness to submit new ideas to the scrutiny of others	33
12539711977	difference between a hypothesis and theory	a hypothesis is a suggested explanation to a question. a theory is a plausible generalization about fundamental concepts	34
12539723418	dew point	The temperature at which condensation begins	35
12539733454	Hadley Cell	between the 0 and 30 degrees.hot air rises up at equator, flows toward the poles, hitting the dew point and makes its way back to the equator in a circular motion.	36
12539750774	weather at 30 n or s	hot and dry	37
12539754311	weather at 60 n or s	cold and wet	38
12539762112	how did early sailors use global winds	they used the trade winds that blow toward the equator, making journey much faster	39
12539773050	global winds	winds that blow over long distances	40
12539786165	why were sailors afraid of the equator and 30 degree? what were their nicknames?	doldrums and horse latitudes. They had high pressure, calm winds, not enough power to push them	41
12539798412	why is california weather special and what are places with similar weather?	warm dry summer and cold wet winters. we grow a lot of crops. lisbon portugal and dalian china	42
12539805141	environment	the surroundings or place that organisms live in	43
12539816622	5 major types of organism interaction	predation, competition, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism	44
12539846869	niches	producer, consumer, secondary consumer, decomposer	45
12539865260	trophic level	position in a food chain, the higher,the less energy	46
12539929553	controlled experiment	experiment where one variable is changed	47