Period 4 Vocab: AP World History Flashcards

12916337964	Manchus	Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China's imperial dynasties.	0
12916340474	Mughals	muslim rulers over india, combined Hindu and Muslim, brought India to the peak of its political empire, had a single government with a common culture	1
12916342470	Safavid Empire	Turkish-ruled Muslim dynasty that ruled Persia between 16th and 18th centuries.	2
12916353872	Ottoman Empire	Major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa.	3
12916356256	Russian Empire	(1500-1800) The empire stretched from E. Europe and the Baltic Sea to Siberia and the Pacific. Ivan III overthrew the Mongols take over additional land. Meanwhile, Ivan solidified a centralized rule and claimed divine ordination. He proclaimed Moscow to be the new capital of the new empire	4
12916362683	Portuguese Maritime Empire	Asia: Controlled many ports like Goa and Hormuz Africa: Controlled Swahili City-States, Angola, Kongo, and other coastal parts America: Controlled Brazil for sugar, silver, tobacco.	5
12916367464	Spanish Maritime Empire	The Spanish built an overseas colonial empire in the Americas, the Caribbean, and the Pacific, which contributed to Spain's rise as the dominant state in Europe in the 16th C. Conquistadors settled Latin America and the Caribbean and established encomiendas to utilize native labor. Magellan's voyage circumnavigated the Earth. Contributed to the conquest of the Philippines which served as a base (Manila) to trade directly with China.	6
12916381307	Dutch Maritime Empire	Captured ports of trade in Asia such as ones in Indonesia, Explored Australia, New Guinea, Tip of South Africa, Established Constitutional Monarchy. Only Europeans allowed to trade in Japan for a while.	7
12916395455	French Maritime Empire	Controlled much of Canada, Quebec. Lost many provinces/colonies to Britain in 7 years war Much of internal America. Established colonies in Canada to search for furs and lumber.	8
12916398982	British Maritime Empire	Americas: Controlled coast on East and north above France Canada's claims Won many colonies from French in 7 years war Colonies funded by British East India Trading Comp. Controlled Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta in Asia	9
12916402042	Prince Henry the Navigator	This was the Portuguese Prince that gave steadfast financial and moral support to the Portuguese navigators traveling around Africa	10
12916410953	Mercantilism	An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more imports than they bought	11
12916418669	Plantation System	The division of the land into smaller units under private ownership	12
12916424630	Protestant Reformation	Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. Believing in only the authority of the Bible. It spit the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the 'protesters' forming several new Christian denominations, including the Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anglican Churches, among many others.	13
12916435389	Sikhism	the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam	14
12916443565	Atlantic Slave Trade	Lasted from 16th century until the 19th century. Trade of African peoples from Western Africa to the Americas as slaves.	15
12916448548	Encomienda System	a certain amount of land and slaves given to Spanish settlers	16
12916454980	Mita System	tax paid in mandatory labor	17
12916461118	Indentured Servitude	labor under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time, often used in the late 19th and early 20th century as a replacement of slave labor, but with fairly similar exploitative working conditions. Laborers were often transported thousands of miles and could not easily afford to return home.	18
12916465228	Daimyo	Japanese feudal lord in charge of an army of samurai	19
12916468488	Mestizo	A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.	20
12916471650	Mulattoe	People of African and European descent	21
12916473634	Creole	Descendants of the Europeans in Latin America, usually implies an upper class status.	22
12916477111	Peninsulare	Spanish-born, came to Latin America; highest social class.	23
12916480028	Divine Right	Belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god.	24
12916482069	30 Years War	Catholic vs Protestant States	25
12916486668	Piracy	the practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea	26
12916499234	Settler Colonies	Colonies in which the colonizing people settled in large numbers, rather than simply spending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of the British colonies in North America.	27
12916501918	Qing Dynasty	overthrown by revolutionaries; was ruled by the Manchu people: began to isolate themselves from Western culture	28
12916503516	Akbar	famous Muslim ruler of India during the period of Mughal rule. Famous for his religious tolerance, his investment in rich cultural feats, and the creation of a centralized governmental administration, which was not typical of ancient and post-classical India.	29
12916514686	Devshirme	Ottoman blood tax of taking boys from Christian peoples to be trained as Muslim soldiers	30
12916518383	Janissary	A member of an elite force of soldiers in the Ottoman Empire.	31
12916520007	Galileo	Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars	32
12916522918	East India Companies	British, French, and Dutch trading companies that obtained government monopolies of trade to India and Asia; acted independently in their regions.	33
12916526367	Tokugawa Shogunate	was a semi-feudal government of Japan in which one of the shoguns unified the country under his family's rule. Striving to isolate Japan from foreign influences	34
12916536904	Diaspora	A dispersion of people from their homeland	35
12916539215	Benin	A kingdom of the West African rain forest	36
12916541142	Dahomey	West African kingdom that became strong through its rulers' exploitation of the slave trade.	37
12916544803	Voltaire	French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment and wrote about free speech and religion.	38
12916553324	Enlightenment	A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.	39
12916555591	Newton	English astronomer and mathematician	40
12916559741	Little Ice Age	A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590s. Its ill effects on agriculture in northern Europe were notable.	41