Civil Rights Flashcards

9376383425	Plessy vs Ferguson	1896 US Supreme Court said "Separate but Equal" is constitutional	0
9376383426	Civil Right's Act of 1957	Civil Rights President Eisenhower attempted to increase African American voting in the south. It was so hard to register & vote that the act failed	1
9376383438	Voting Rights Act 1965	LBJ signed this law which ended poll taxes and literacy tests in all states, helping everyone, especially African Americans, to be able to vote.	2
9376383439	Orval Faubus	1955-1967 Governor of Arkansas, who stood against the Little Rock Nine and opposed desegregation.	3
9376383440	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)	formed by students whose purpose was coordinate a nonviolent attack on segregation and other forms of racism. Boycotts and sit-ins were performed.	4
9376383441	Cesar Chavez	Hispanic leader, that helped form the United Farm Workers Union and led migrant workers on a strike against the grape growers of California.	5
9376383448	freedom riders	Civil Rights Era integrated buses came from the north to the south to register African Americans to vote in 1961	6
9376383449	Lester Maddox	Civil Rights Era 1966 - Governor of Georgia, he was a supporter of segregation He previously had used an ax against a black man trying to eat at his "whites only" restaurant.	7
9376383450	Civil Rights Act of 1964	Civil Rights Era Lyndon B Johnson signed this in to law. It banned segregation based on color, religion, race, and ethnic origin, in all public places.	8
9376383451	Thurgood Marshall	Civil Rights Era American civil rights lawyer. He was the NAACP attorney on Brown vs Board of Education. First African American Supreme Court Justice of the United States.	9
9376383452	Dolores Huerta	Civil Rights Era In 1970 created the United Farm Workers Association to protect the rights of migrant workers along with Cesar Chavez.	10
9376383474	Billy Graham	Civil Rights Era Supporter of civil rights, a Christian preacher. A spiritual advisor to some presidents and friend of MLK.	11
9376383475	Black Panthers	Civil Rights Era Founded in 1966 in Oakland, California the party's original purpose was to patrol African American neighborhoods to protect residents from acts of police brutality.	12
9376383476	Hector P. Garcia	Civil Rights Era World War 2 veteran. Fought for Mexican rights. Was the first Mexican American to serve on the US commission on Civil Rights.	13
9376383479	Jackie Robinson	Civil Rights Era 1947 - the first African American to break the color barrier in Major League Baseball.	14
9376383497	George Wallace	Governor of Alabama. He was a segregationist. He tried to prevent black students from entering the University of Alabama	15
9376383703	United Farm Workers	Civil Rights Era started by Chicano migrant farm workers because they wanted better wages ($$) & to improve or better their work conditions Led by Cesar Chavez	16
9376383705	Little Rock Nine	Civil Rights Era 9 African American children wanted to enroll at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas They were initially prevented from doing so by angry, white mobs and the Governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus	17
9728498607	Civil Rights Movement	The movement in the 1950s and 1960s, by minorities and concerned whites, to end racial segregation.	18
9728542814	Martin Luther King, Jr.	Baptist preacher and civil rights leader who advocated nonviolent protest against segregation Assassinated in 1968	19
9728553070	Rosa Parks	NAACP secretary who prompted the Montgomery Bus Boycott by refusing to give up her seat in 1955	20
9728559897	Letter from a Birmingham Jail	MLK wrote a letter while in jail, "it is your job to disobey unjust laws", 1963, responding to clergy criticisms of protests	21
9728585392	Malcolm X	A one-time Nation of Islam leader, and advocate for African American civil rights. African American Muslim minister and human rights activist. He believed in black power and equal rights, but thought violence was necessary	22
9728623187	16th Street Baptist Church	Church that was bombed by the KKK two weeks after the March on Washington, killing 4 teenage girls	23
9728695833	Affirmative Action	Special consideration is given to minorities for jobs and college entrance. Women were eventually added to this.	24
9728716431	Montgomery Bus Boycott	a 1955 boycott that resulted in the integration of Montgomery, Alabama's bus system. It began when Rosa Parks refused to move for a white man.	25
9728733873	March on Washington	Civil rights demonstration in Washington, D.C., led by Martin Luther King, Jr., in 1963, where he gave his "I Have a Dream" speech	26
9728749728	Black Power Movement	movement of the 1960s and 1970s that emphasized black racial pride and autonomy	27
9728759977	CORE	Congress of Racial Equality, and organization founded in 1942 that worked for black civil rights	28
9729629020	Jim Crow Laws	Laws that separated people of different races in public places in the south after the end of slavery.	29
9729643719	Brown vs Board of Education	the 1954 Supreme Court ruling declaring that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional	30
9729650822	Sweatt vs Painter	separate black law school at University of Texas was inherently unequal	31
9729660897	Sit-In Movement	Sit-ins started in Greensboro, North Carolina to peacefully protest segregation in restaurants, etc.	32
9729669199	civil disobedience	A nonviolent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws.	33
9729690146	SCLC	Southern Christian Leadership Conference Churches link together to inform blacks about changes in the Civil Rights Movement, led by MLK Jr.,	34
9729697807	24th Amendment	The constitutional amendment passed in 1964 that declared poll taxes void.	35
9729727905	Betty Friedan	American Feminist, writer of The Feminine Mystique, cofounded NOW (National Organization for Women)	36
9729739218	Feminist Movement	the movement aimed at equal rights for women the movement aimed at equal rights for women	37
9729753421	Title IX	A law that bans gender discrimination in schools that receive federal funds	38
9729759026	Chicano Mural Movement	What artistic movement spread an appreciation for Mexican-American culture?	39
9729780681	American Indian Movement (AIM)	a civil rights group organized to promote the interests of Native Americans	40
9729786458	Mendez v Westminster	segregation of Mexican students violated equal protection clause of 14th amendment	41
9729791670	Hernandez vs Texas	exclusion of jurors based on race violates the 14th amendment	42
9729855114	Delgado vs Bastrop ISD	Made the segregation of Mexican American children in Texas illegal	43
9729863230	Edgewood ISD vs Kirby	Forced Texas to better fund schools in poor areas	44
9729872863	Roe vs. Wade	Supreme Court declared abortion to be a private decision, Right to Abortion	45
9729884421	NOW	National Organization for Women A leading feminist organization.	46
9729911759	Women's Liberation Movement	A campaign begun in the 1960s aimed at attaining equal rights for women	47
9729922046	Equal Pay Act	1963 law that required both men and women to receive equal pay for equal work	48
9731400058	White vs Regester	Boundaries for Texas legislature cannot discriminate by setting up multi-member districts (1973)	49