Biochemistry Flashcards

11264569038	chemical bond	the force that holds two atoms together	0
11264571804	Compound	a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.	1
11264576439	covalent bond	A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons	2
11264578412	Electron	A subatomic particle that has a negative charge	3
11264648502	Element	A pure substance made of only one kind of atom	4
11264650006	hydrogen bond	weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom	5
11264651932	SPONCH	sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen	6
11264655015	Sulfur	S 16	7
11264655887	Phosphorus	P 15	8
11264657545	Oxygen	O 8	9
11264659340	Nitrogen	N 7	10
11264660637	Carbon	C 6	11
11264662913	Hydrogen	H 1	12
11264665927	deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)	A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.	13
11264669064	Disaccharide	A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.	14
11264670747	Enzyme	A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing	15
11264671709	Fatty Acid	Building Blocks of Lipids	16
11264674465	Glucose	the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.	17
11264675318	gylcerol	a 3 carbon compound	18
11264676270	Ion	A charged atom	19
11264677148	ionic bond	Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another	20
11264678545	isotope	Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons	21
11264680545	Neutron	no charge	22
11264683033	polar covenant bond	A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally	23
11264684565	Proton	positive charge	24
11264688882	Amino acid	Building blocks of protein	25
11264690304	Adhesion	An attraction between molecules of different substances	26
11264691588	Base	A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.	27
11264693714	Buffer	compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH	28
11264695363	Caplillary action	acid	29
11264698685	Cohesion	Attraction between molecules of the same substance	30
11264700417	evaporation	Liquid to gas	31
11264703243	High specific heat	A property of water. Water can absorb lots of heat before changing temperature	32
11264705583	hydrogen bond	Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom.	33
11268962064	pH scale	measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14	34
11268964798	polar	Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.	35
11268966878	Solute	A substance that is dissolved in a solution.	36
11268969363	Solution	A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances	37
11268971518	Solvent	A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances	38
11268974129	reusable	able to be used again	39
11268978498	specific	clearly defined or identified	40
11268982586	Substrate	reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction	41
11268982587	Denaturation	loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor	42
11268989122	macromolecule	A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules	43
11268991103	Monomer	A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers	44
11268994835	Monosaccradies	have molecular forumulas that are usually multiples of CH2O	45
11268996425	nucleic acids	DNA and RNA	46
11269000322	Neucleotide	A building block of DNA or RNA. It includes one base, one phosphate molecule, and one sugar molecule	47
11269002930	organic molecules	molecules that contain carbon	48
11269006943	phospholipids	A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail.	49
11269009401	Pollysaccharides	are made of single-sugar units that are bonded together to form a chain, sometimes called starches, sometimes called complex carbs, found in grains veggies and fruits.	50
11269011118	Chitin	A chemical that provides both toughness and flexibility	51
11269013226	glycogen	An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.	52
11269016096	starch	A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.	53
11269017637	polymer	A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.	54
11269019302	protein	An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells	55
11269023637	Riboneucleic acid	RNA	56
11269025999	saturated fat	A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms	57
11269029324	unsaturated fats	A fat that is liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.	58
11269032371	surface tension	A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid	59
11269035571	activation energy	Energy needed to get a reaction started	60
11269037813	active site	The part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occurs.	61
11269041135	catalyst	substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction	62
11340597169	Enzyme	A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing	63
11340600422	lock and key	Model of enzyme activity that explains how a particular enzyme will only fit with one particular type of substrate.	64
11340603904	product	the answer to a multiplication problem	65