Biochemistry Flashcards

11352667970	organic compounds	a compound that has both carbon and hydrogen in it Ex. C 2 H 6 , C 6 H 12 O 6 , and CH 4	0
11352679907	inorganic compounds	a compound that does NOT have BOTH carbon and hydrogen in it Ex. NaCl, H 2 O, and CO 2	1
11352685401	Carbohydrate	a compound that has carbon to hydrogen to oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio; important for energy Ex. Glucose or sucrose or starch	2
11352693739	Lipid	a compound that has carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but not in definite ratio. Important for energy storage and insulation, and makes up all cell membranes Ex. Cholesterol or fat	3
11352697825	Protein	a compound made of polypeptides, composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and a little sulfur. Important for enzymes, structure, antibodies, hormones. Ex. Hemoglobin, collagen	4
11352707711	Nucleic Acid	a compound made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous, important in genetics Ex. DNA and RNA	5
11352713092	Dehydration Synthesis	a reaction that puts together molecules; adds monomers together to make polymers Ex. Monosaccharide plus Monosaccharide combines to make a disaccharide	6
11352719812	Hydrolysis	a reaction that breaks apart molecules; takes polymers and breaks them into monomers Ex. Disaccharide is broken into 2 monosaccharide	7
11352725443	Monosaccharide	a simple sugar - just one ring Ex. Glucose	8
11352729921	Disaccharide	two sugars together - 2 rings Ex. Sucrose	9
11352745028	Polysaccharide	many sugars put together - many rings Ex. Cellulose, starch., glycogen	10
11352750575	Starch	a polysaccharide found only in plants	11
11352756334	Glycogen	a polysaccharide found in animals, sometimes called animal starch - stored in liver	12
11352761144	Cellulose	a polysaccharide found only in plants - surrounds cell walls	13
11352767353	Amino acid	the building blocks of proteins	14
11352773679	Nucleotide	the building blocks of nucleic acids, composed of 1 sugar, 1 base, and 1 phosphate	15
11352778958	Dipeptide	two amino acids put together, they are joined by a peptide bond	16
11352783368	Glycerol	one of the building block of lipids; the backbone of a lipid	17
11352788935	Fatty Acid	one of the building blocks of lipids; three of these make up the side chains of a lipid	18
11352809998	amino group	NH2	19
11352821566	fatty acid	Building Blocks of Lipids	20
11352845017	carbon dioxide	CO2	21
11352851711	water	H2O	22
11352865810	Disaccharide		23
11352873535	Methyl Group	CH3	24
11352885932	Dipeptide	Two amino acids bonded together	25
11352894550	Glycerol		26
11352900593	carboxyl group	COOH	27
11352917416	Amino acid		28
11352937146	hydroxyl group		29