AP Lang and Compostiion Flashcards

10535872315	Alliteration	Repetition of initial consonant sounds	0
10535872316	Allusion	An indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event.	1
10535872317	Analogy	An extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things.	2
10535872318	Anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	3
10535872319	anecdote	A short account of an interesting event.	4
10535872320	Annotation	Explanatory or critical notes added to a text.	5
10535872321	Antithesis:	parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas	6
10535872322	Aphorism	A short, astute statement of a general truth.	7
10535872323	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence.	8
10535872324	Attitude	The speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone.	9
10535872325	Audience	: One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.	10
10535872326	Authority	A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.	11
10535872327	Bias:	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.	12
10535872328	Cite:	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.	13
10535872329	Close reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.	14
10535872330	Colloquial/ism	An informal or conversational use of language.	15
10535872331	Common ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions.	16
10535872332	Concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.	17
10535872333	Connotation	That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation).	18
10535872334	Context	: Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.	19
10535872335	Counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument.	20
10535872336	Deduction	Reasoning from general to specific.	21
10535872337	Denotation	The literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition.	22
10535872338	Diction	Word choice.	23
10535872339	Documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.	24
10535872340	Ethos	A Greek term referring to the character of an author; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos).	25
10535872341	Figurative language	The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect.	26
10535872342	Hyperbole	Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis.	27
10535872343	Imagery	Vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing).	28
10535872344	Induction	Reasoning from specific to general.	29
10535872345	Irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result.	30
10535872346	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things side by side for emphasis.	31
10535872347	Logos	A Greek term that means "reason"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos).	32
10535872348	Metaphor	A figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison.	33
10535872349	Occasion/Exigence	An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing.	34
10535872350	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms.	35
10535872352	Parody	A piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule.	36
10535872351	Paradox	A statement that seems contradictory but is actually true.	37
10535872353	Pathos	A Greek term that appeals to the readers' emotions; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos).	38
10535872354	Persona	The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing.	39
10535872355	Personification	Assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects.	40
10535872356	Propaganda	A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information.	41
10535872357	Purpose	One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.	42
10535872358	Refute	To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument.	43
10535872359	Rhetoric	The study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion."	44
10535872360	Rhetorical question	A question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer.	45
10535872361	Satire	An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it.	46
10535872362	Simile	A figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things.	47
10535872363	Source	A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.	48
10535872364	Speaker	A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing.	49
10535872365	Style	The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech.	50
10535872366	Subject	In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.	51
10535872367	Subordination	The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.	52
10535872368	Syntax	Sentence structure.	53
10535872369	Synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.	54
10535872370	Thesis statement	A statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit.	55
10535872371	Tone	The speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience.	56
10535872372	Topic sentence	A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph,`	57
10535872374	Understatement	Lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.	58
10721706198	conventional	following traditional forma and genres	59
10721711909	Disdainful	showing contempt or lack of respect	60
10721715209	morose	sullen and ill-tempered	61
10721718898	Indignant	feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment	62
10721724941	Congenial	pleasant because of a personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one's own	63
10721729383	innocuous	not harmful or offensive	64
10721731920	jocund	cheerful and lighthearted	65
10721734998	archaic	old or old-fashioned	66
10821932044	Narration	the action or process of telling a story	67
10821960563	expository writing	a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform	68
10821991308	description writing	In composition, description is a rhetorical strategy using sensory details to portray a person, place, or thing.	69
10822001165	argumentation writing	a genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect, generate, and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner	70
10822006925	loose sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.	71
10822019569	periodic sentence	a type of sentence in which details are placed before the main idea or independent clause (hint: periodic means the point is made at the period-at the end of the sentence)	72
11622852121	elegiac	of, relating to, or involving mourning or expressing sorrow	73
11622860151	facetious	lightly ausin; unserious; frivolous; especially at the wrong time	74
11622865060	wry	satiric; bitter	75
11622868934	vexed	annoyed; irritated; distressed	76
11622872179	inflammatory	likely to stir up anger or trouble	77
11622876387	bemused	preoccupied; deep in thought	78
11622879486	belligerent	aggressively hostile; warlike	79
11622885762	sentimental	colored by emotion rather than realism	80
11907050013	chloeric	hot-tempered, easily angered	81
11907053679	didactic	intended to teach	82
11907062781	haughty	proud and vain to the point of arrogance	83
11907066962	ubiquitous	present or existing everywhere	84
11907071014	reverent	feeling or showing deep and solemn respect	85
11907074495	ribald	offensive in speech or gesture	86
11907082181	apathetic	showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern	87
11907087202	callous	showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others	88
12229580872	trivalize	cause something to appear unimportant	89
12229580873	denigrate	to speak damagingly of; criticize in a derogatory manner	90
12229580874	lionize	to treat as a celebrity	91
12229580875	vilifies	to speak or write of in a disparaging manner	92
12229580876	enumerates	mention (a number of things) one by one	93
12229580877	cacophonous	harsh sounding, having dissonance	94
12229580878	esoteric	(adj.) intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret	95
12229580879	bombastic	pompous; using inflated language	96
12739833284	Bedlum	Wild uproar of confusion	97
12739833285	antiseptic	clean, sterile	98
12739833286	marquee	Rooflike structure usually made out of glass	99
12739833287	Herniate	Protrude abnormally	100
12739833288	adulation	excessive devotion to someone	101
12739833289	impetus	a force that moves something along	102
12739833290	rudimentary	Basic	103
12739833291	enigma	Something/someone that is puzzling	104
12739833292	Ostracized	shunned, excluded	105
12739833293	vaunted	to boast about	106
13638814480	Synesthesia	substituting one sensory response for another	107
13638817261	double entendre	a word or phrase open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risqué or indecent.	108
13638818495	banal	so lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring	109
13638820100	urbane	(esp. of a man) suave, courteous, and refined	110
13638821281	ominous	giving the impression that something bad or unpleasant is going to happen; threatening	111
13638825986	discursive	digressing from subject to subject	112
13638827159	austere	severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance	113
13638828988	convoluted	extremely complex and difficult to follow	114
13638873472	cryptic	something that is mysterious or obscure	115
13638875922	Futile	having no useful purpose	116
13638877805	quandary	a state of uncertainty or perplexity	117
13638879670	indolent	wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy	118
13638881325	listless	lacking energy and enthusiasm	119
13638882675	flagrant	extremely or deliberately shocking or noticeable	120
13638885124	mollify	to calm or soothe; reduce the severity of one's anger	121
13638886473	dubious	hesitating or doubting	122