AP Biology- Photosynthesis Flashcards
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| 8210464079 | Photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 12H20 (light) - > C6H12O6 + 6O2 Process by which plants convert solar energy into energy stored in chemical bonds (light dependent and light independent reactions) |  | 0 |
| 8210464080 | Light dependent reactions | Use light directly to produce ATP in the grana (1) Light is absorbed by PS II (2) Photolysis (release O2 and provide electron) (3) Photophosphorylation: Electrons flow through ETC and produce ATP (4) Light is absorbed by PS I (5) NADP+ reduced to NADPH using 2nd ETC Reactants: Light and H2O Products: NADPH, ATP, O2 (released) |  | 1 |
| 8210464082 | Noncyclic Photophosphorylation | Primary form of light-dependent reaction - ATP and NADPH are formed Process begins at PS II and continues to PS I |  | 2 |
| 8210464083 | Cyclic Photophosphorylation | Form of light-dependent reaction used to replenish ATP - no NADPH is formed Electrons travel from PS II to PS I and back to PS II again in cyclic fashion |  | 3 |
| 8210464084 | Light independent reactions | (Dark reactions, Calvin Cycle) Produce sugar using the Calvin cycle |  | 4 |
| 8210464085 | Calvin Cycle | Uses ATP and NADPH from light dependent reactions to fix carbon dioxide into G3P (sugar building block) (1) Fixation: CO2 combines with RuBP to produce carbon chain molecules (2) Reduction: carbon chain molecule reduced into G3P using ATP and NADPH (3) Regeneration: regeneration of RuBP for future carbon fixation Occurs in the stroma |  | 5 |
| 8210464086 | Pigments | Absorb light energy to provide energy for photosynthesis Absorb colors that it does not reflect; reflects color that it shows (e.g., chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids) |  | 6 |
| 8210464087 | Chloroplast | Organelle site of photosynthesis |  | 7 |
| 8210464088 | Stroma | Site of light-independent reactions |  | 8 |
| 8210464089 | Grana | (Granum) Consists of thylakoid membranes that are the site of light-dependent reations |  | 9 |
| 8210464090 | Photosystems | Harvest light for light-dependent reactions; Consists of a reaction center containing pigments Located in the grana in the thylakoid membranes |  | 10 |
| 8210464091 | Photorespiration | Dead-end process where O2 binds to rubisco instead of CO2 in Calvin cycles; does not create sugar or ATP Vestige from ancient Earth, when the atmosphere contained no oxygen to compete with CO2 |  | 11 |