AP Government Court Cases Flashcards

13858749997	Engel v Vitale	First Amendment/Establishment Clause - Government-directed prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, even if the prayer is denominationally neutral and students may remain silent or be excused from the classroom during its recitation.	0
13858750000	Baker v. Carr	1962 in Tennessee, federal government has the ability to intervene in a state's redistricting to ensure fairness because redistricting is not just a political question	1
13858750001	NY Times v. U.S.	First Amendment/Freedom of the Press - New York Times and Washington Post could print the Pentagon Papers without risk of government censorship or punishment	2
13858750003	Schenck v. U.S.	First Amendment/Freedom of Speech/non-protected - The circulars urged "Do not submit to intimidation" but advised only peaceful action such as petitioning to repeal the Conscription Act. Schenck was charged with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment. During wartime, utterances tolerable in peacetime can be punished. Clear and present danger test.	3
13858750006	Tinker v. Des Moines	First Amendment/Freedom of Speech/symbolic speech - students' wearing of armbands in support of Vietnam truce did not interrupt school activities, pure speech	4
13858750008	Mapp v. Ohio	Fourth Amendment/Exclusionary Rule - evidence taken in unreasonable searches and seizures may not be used in court.	5
13858750013	Roe v. Wade	Ninth & Fourteenth Amendments/privacy Abortion is a private matter	6
13858750015	Brown v. Board of Education	Fourteenth Amendment/Separate not Equal - Integration of Schools - racial segregation violates the equal protection clause	7
13858750017	Marbury v. Madison	Establishes the Supreme Court as having the power of Judicial Review/interpret the Constitution	8
13858750018	McCulloch v. Maryland	Implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause - Creation of the bank was implied based upon the enumerated power of Congress to tax. State of Maryland could not tax federal bank due to Supremacy Clause	9
13858750020	Shaw v. Reno	1993 case in NC with majority-minority districts, court ruled it was an example of racial gerrymandering and thus these districts were unconstitutional. The case was a problem of reverse discrimination. (Redistricting cannot be based on race!)	10
13858750024	Gideon v. Wainwright	A landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In the case, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys.	11
13858750026	Wisconsin v. Yoder	Amish children are not required to attend compulsory education past 8th grade.	12
13858750031	McDonald v. Chicago	Found that the right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" as protected under the Second Amendment is incorporated by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment against the states.	13
13858750034	Citizens United V. FEC	Free speech clause of the First Amendment prohibits the government from restricting independent expenditures for communications by nonprofit corporations, for-profit corporations, labor unions, and other associations	14