Pre-AP Waves and Oscillations Flashcards

13228427154	Frequency	The Rate of Oscillation.	0
13228427155	What is another way to write hertz?	cycles/second	1
13228427156	Phase	Where in a cycle of oscillation, waves are synchronized.	2
13228427157	Amplitude	The maximum value of an oscillation. In mechanics this is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium line.	3
13228427158	Period	Time it takes to complete one oscillation.	4
13228427159	Period Formula	T = 1/f	5
13228427160	Simple Harmonic Motion	Repetitive motion of an object that continuously reaches the same maximum displacement from the equilibrium line.	6
13228427161	Hooke's Law formula	F = kx	7
13228427162	Transverse Wave	A wave that's medium displaces perpendicular to the direction of propagation; the motion is perpendicular to its equilibrium line.	8
13228427163	Longitudinal Wave	A wave that's medium displaces parallel to the direction of propagation; the motion is parallel to it's equilibrium line	9
13228427164	Crest	The top of a wave.	10
13228427165	Trough	The bottom of a wave.	11
13228427166	Damping	the tendency of vibrating object to lose or to dissipate its energy over time.	12
13228427167	Light	An example of an electromagnetic wave; moves as a transverse wave	13
13228427168	Sound	An example of a longitudinal wave; a pressurized mechanical wave.	14
13228427169	Electromagnetic Wave	Type of wave that can travel through a vacuum and does not require a medium to go from point A to point B.	15
13228427170	Mechanical Wave	Type of wave that can not travel through a vacuum and does require a medium to get from point A to point B.	16
13228427171	Compression	High density/concentration of energy on a longitudinal wave	17
13228427172	Rarefaction	Low density/concentration of energy on a longitudinal wave	18
13228427173	Interference	When two waves interact with each other.	19
13228427174	Constructive Interference	Interference of two waves with displacement in the same direction. This creates a "single larger" wave.	20
13228427175	Destructive Interference	Interference of two waves with displacement in the opposite directions. This interference counteracts one another and can create a "single smaller" or even "nonexistent" appearing wave.	21
13228427176	Standing wave	When interference occurs in such a way that there appears to be a wave not moving	22
13228427177	Node	A position on a standing wave where there is no displacement; has zero energy	23
13228427178	Antinodes	A position on a standing wave that represents an extreme position relative to the equilibrium line; has maximum energy	24
13228427179	wave speed	the speed at which a wave travels	25
13228427180	wave speed formula	wavelength x frequency	26
13228427181	speed formula	distance/time	27
13228427182	Wavelength	The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave	28
13228427183	Herts (Hz)	Unit for frequency	29
13228427184	meters/second	unit for speed	30
13228427185	meter	unit for wavelength	31
13228427186	wave pulse	a single bump or disturbance that is in motion	32
13228427187	A sound's pitch	depends on frequency of the sound wave	33
13228427188	A light's color	depends on frequency of the light wave	34
13228427189	Decibel (dB)	unit of measurement; measures loudness / intensity	35
13228427190	note	a specific frequency of harmonics used with sound	36
13228427191	Harmonics	whole number multiples of the fundamental frequency	37
13228427192	resonant frequency	The natural frequency at which standing waves are made in a particular medium; varies among mediums	38
13228427193	Beats or beat frequency	Alternating constructive and destructive interference resulting from two slightly different frequencies in unison; determined by taking the difference of the two interfering frequencies.	39
13228427194	Doppler effect	An observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving - sound wave	40
13228427195	loudness	the intensity of sound waves, measured in decibels	41
13228427196	Brightness	intensity of light waves, measured in candelas	42
13228427197	fundamental frequency	the lowest frequency of vibration of a standing wave	43
13228427198	ROYGBIV	Colors of the visible spectrum in order of wavelength and frequency.	44
13228427202	Time Period of a Pendulum		45
13228427203	Time Period of a Spring		46
13228427199	Transparent	Allowing light to pass through; clear viewing on the other side	47
13228427200	Translucent	permitting light to pass through, but not enough to allow clear viewing of objects on the other side	48
13228427201	opaque	impossible to see through; preventing the passage of light	49
13228461010	red shift	the change in the wavelength of light due to an object moving away from the observer.	50
13228467217	Refraction	The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another	51
13228470912	law of reflection	the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection	52
13228477943	red, green, blue	primary colors of light	53
13228481293	Polarized lenses	reduce glare; allow light to enter through a single direction	54
13228490074	fiber optics	thin glass fibers that use total internal reflection to carry light	55
13228492924	speed of light	faster in less dense materials	56
13228498298	speed of sound	faster in more dense materials	57
13228500514	Diffraction	The bending and scattering of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow opening	58
13228507300	converge	to move toward one point	59
13228509467	diverge	to vary; go in different directions from the same point	60
13228568080	laser	light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation	61