AP Flashcards

13958482337	Myocardium	heart muscle	0
13958482338	fossa ovalis	Depression between right and left atrium	1
13958482339	coronary sinus	Enlarged vein joined to cardiac vein empties into right atrium	2
13958482340	superior vena cava	Returns deoxygenated blood to right atrium from upper body	3
13958482341	pulmonary veins	Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium	4
13958482342	Afterload	The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood.	5
13958482343	cardiac output	the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute	6
13958482344	ejection fraction	The portion of the blood ejected from the ventricle during systole.	7
13958482345	Excitability	ability of the cells to respond to electrical impulses	8
13958482346	Baroreceptors	Respond to changes in pressure usually within the heart or the main arteries	9
13958482347	lymphatic vessels	Carries fluid away from tissues	10
13958482348	Lymphatic trunk	drain lymph from the lymphatic vessels	11
13958482349	right lymphatic duct	empties into right subclavian vein near right jugular vein	12
13958482350	thoracic duct	empties into left subclavian vein near left jugular vein	13
13958482351	lymph	Thin plasma like fluid formed from extracellular/ interstitial fluid	14
13958482352	Lymph nodules	Loose connective tissue in digestive respiratory urinary system	15
13958482353	innate defenses	Predictable response each time body is exposed to particular challenges	16
13958482354	Bacteria	Small one called organism capable of independent existence classified by shape	17
13958482355	Myelinated nerves	Nerves with axons covered by myelin sheath manufactures by form of nervous tissue called Schwann cells	18
13958482356	Defending tracts	Carry motor impulses also in form of action potentials from brain fibers to PNS	19
13958482357	axillary nerve	supplies deltoid and teres minor muscles	20
13958482358	wrist drop	Damage to radial nerve results in unopposed action of muscles that flex wrist and Forearm	21
13958482359	Dermis	Inner layer of skin located above subcutaneous tissue contains dense irregular connective tissue	22
13958482360	arrector pili	Pulls hair perpendicular to skin in response to upset and cold	23
13958482361	sebaceous glands	Abundant on scalp face nose mouth ears	24
13958482362	sweat glands	Consist of merocrine gland	25
13958482363	merocrine glands	Produce solution containing salt and urea	26
13958482364	ceruminous glands	Sweat glands that produce earwax	27
13958482365	laceration	wound or injury with jagged, irregular edges or smooth	28
13958482366	Avulsion	flap of skin torn loose or pulled off completely	29
13958482367	Peristalsis	Progressive contraction to propel food	30
13958482368	pelvis	Forms bottom of abdominal cavity	31
13958482369	Pepsin	Enzymes in stomach breaks down proteins	32
13958482370	Peptidas	Enzyme produced by absorptive cells that break down protein in small intestine	33
13958482371	common bile duct	Hepatic duct drain into lumen of duodenum at ampulla of vater	34
13958482372	Gallbladder	stores bile	35
13958482373	Bile	Digestive enzymes produced by liver	36
13958482374	Tripsin	Pancreatic enzymes that breaks down proteins	37
13958482375	mesenteries	parts of the peritoneum that hold the abdominal organs in place and provide a passageway for blood vessels and nerves to the organs	38
13958482376	cerebral spinal fluid	Manufactured in ventricles of the brain	39
13958482377	oculomotor nerve	cranial nerve 3 controls pupillary response	40
13958482378	Stratum germinativum (basale)	Dead cells of skin are shed off and replaced with cells that come from	41
13958482379	subcutaneous fat	Just above muscle fascia	42
13958482380	endocrine glands	Secretes outside of the body through ducts	43
13958482381	negative feedback	Most feedback mechanisms in body are negative	44
13958482382	Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)	Stimulated by stress trauma fever and major surgery	45
13958482383	T3 and T4	Hormones essential for normal health and development of children	46
13958482384	parathyroid hormone	Maintains normal levels of calcium	47
13958482385	Islets of Langerhans	Specialized cells that produce insulin and glucagon	48
13958482386	Glucagon	Stimulates breakdown of glycogen	49
13958482387	adrenal glands	located on top of each kidney	50
13958482388	Aldosterone	Decreased concentration results in urinary loss of sodium and chloride	51
13958482389	antidiuretic hormone (ADH)	When increased water moved back to blood	52
13958482390	Mictruition (urination)	Controlled by detritus or muscle contracts urethra sphincter relaxes causing urination	53
13958482391	female urethra	4 cm long fuses with interior wall of vagina	54
13958482392	mamory glands	Produces milk stored in lactiferous sinus and expressed from nipple	55
13958482393	Spermatogenesis	Takes 64 days	56
13958482394	3rd stage of labor	Placenta attached to endometrium and expelled	57
13958482395	gestation	Process of fetal development following fertilization of egg stimulating by production of hCG	58
13958482396	Phenotype	Observable characteristic of organism that results from generic composition and environmental factors	59
13958482397	Binding receptor	Hormones regardless of source act by	60
13958482398	Steriods and thyroid hormones	Bind to receptors located within cells	61
13958482399	Hyperthyroidism	weight loss rapid pulse rate Elevated bp diarrhea and profusion of eyes	62
13958482400	Punctum lacrimale	small opening in the corner of the eye through which tears drain from the lacrimal ducts	63
13958482401	vitreous humor	Jelly like fluid near back of eyeball can not be replaced	64
13958482402	aqueous humor	Clear fluid in front of lens can be replaced	65
13958482403	conjunctiva	Covers inner surface of eyelids and outer surface of sclera	66
13958482404	optic nerve	Brain interrupts impulses as vision in visual cortex	67
13958482405	middle ear	Consist of inner portion of tempetic membrane and ossicles	68
13958482406	sense of smell	Works closely with sense of taste	69
13958482407	olfactory tract	Passage way for scents to travel from olfactory bulb to olfactory cortex	70
13958482408	olfactory bulb	Analyze odor impulses	71
13958482409	hyperesthesia	increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain or cold	72
13958482410	referred pain	pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates	73
13958482411	cellular respiration	Takes place in the mitochondria	74
13958482412	kilocalorie	Amount of heat need to raise temperature of water from 14.5 to 15.5 C	75
13958482413	Evaporation	Occurs when heat at surface is lost because of vaporization of liquid such as sweating to keep cool	76
13958482414	extracellular fluid	Makes up 25% of total body fluid	77
13958482415	Intercellular fluid	Makes up 75% of total body fluid	78
13958482416	fluid balance	Maintains homeostasis despite inconsistencies in body's intake/ output from day to day	79