AP Test Flashcards

13863580002	ad hominem	attacking their character	0
13863580003	anaphora	repeating a word or phrase at the beginning	1
13863580004	antimetabole	repetition of words in reverse order	2
13863580005	antonomasia	using a title ex.) Your Honor	3
13863580006	apostrophe	addresses something that can't talk back	4
13863580007	ceremonial argument	ex.) graduation speech	5
13863580008	deliberative argument	argument about the future and matters of policy ex.) campaign speeches and parliamentary debates	6
13863580009	evaluative argument	arguing that something doesn't meet a certain criteria	7
13863580010	qualitative argument	an argument that relies on criteria supported by tradition/logic	8
13863580011	quantitative argument	an argument that relies on criteria that can be measured	9
13863580012	assertion	a statement that presents a claim or thesis	10
13863580013	asyndeton	no conjunctions between phrases	11
13863580014	begging the question	fallacy where a claim is based on evidence that is in doubt	12
13863580015	burlesque	a form of parody that uses extremes	13
13863580016	candor	open and honest communication	14
13863580017	circumlocution	circumvent the subject	15
13863580018	colloquial	common or regional saying	16
13863580019	complex sentence	a sentence that includes a noun and a verb	17
13863580020	compound senetence	a sentence that includes 2x noun and a verb	18
13863580021	confirmation	a paragraph that provides the development of proof through evidence	19
13863580022	cumulative sentence	main idea at beginning of sentence and is then built upon	20
13863580023	damn with faint praise	sarcastic praise	21
13863580024	diatribe	a speech that condemns an idea	22
13863580025	double entendre	a saying with two meanings	23
13863580026	empirical data	knowledge based on observation/experience	24
13863580027	enthememe	an argument where one premise isn't explicitly stated ex.) Doctors are professionals & professionals are greedy, so doctors are greedy	25
13863580028	epigram	a short quotation before the text	26
13863580029	epistrophe	the repetition of a word at the end of sentences	27
13863580030	epithet	an abusive slur or nickname	28
13863580031	equivocation	fallacy, a term with two or more meanings, meant to decieve	29
13863580032	euphemism	political correctness	30
13863580033	exordium	intro to an argument that announces subject, purpose, and appeals	31
13863580034	hortative sentence	sentence that urges/calls to action	32
13863580035	idiom	a manner of speaking that is natural to natives of a region	33
13863580036	imperative sentence	a sentence used to command	34
13863580037	implicit	something not directly stated by text	35
13863580038	induction	a logical process where a speaker argues specifics to universals	36
13863580039	interrogatory sentence	A sentence that asks a question	37
13863580040	socratic irony	playing dumb	38
13863580041	juxtaposition	implied comparison based on relationship	39
13863580042	kairos	most opportune time to make an argument	40
13863580043	malaprop	misuse of a word with one that sounds similar	41
13863580044	maxim	a saying that teaches or tells a truth	42
13863580045	metonymy	a figure of speech that is emblematic ex.) step on the gas	43
13863580046	muse	quiet reflection	44
13863580047	nominalization	changing a verb into a noun	45
13863580048	oxymoron	a paradox made up of contradictory words	46
13863580049	periodic sentence	sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	47
13863580050	peroration	part of argument; before conc and after refut (usually appeals to pathos)	48
13863580051	polemic	an agressive argument, no conceding	49
13863579965	polysyndeton	Deliberate use of many conjunctions	50
13863579966	post hoc, ergo propter hoc	fallacy where something is stated as the cause of something because it happened before it	51
13863579967	qualitative evidence	evidence supported by reason/tradition	52
13863579968	reservation	explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier	53
13863579969	rhetorical triangle	a diagram showing relationship between speaker, audience, and subject	54
13863579970	Rogerian argument	an argument based on understanding and accommodating an opposing viewpoint	55
13863579971	horatian satire	using calm/gentle tone to make fun of someone	56
13863579972	juvenalian satire	using harsh/bitter tone to make fun of someone	57
13863579973	scheme	a deviation from the normal word order	58
13863579974	syllologism	a logic structure that uses a major and minor premise (this is best because x, y, and z	59
13863579975	synechdoche	figure of speech where part represents whole ex.) all hands on deck	60
13863579976	tongue-in-cheek	humorous statement, not serious	61
13863579977	toulmin argument	an argument constructed as the following: evidence, claim, warrant, backing, reservation	62
13863579978	vernacular	everyday speech of a region	63
13863579979	warrant	the expression of assumption shared by speaker and audience	64
13863579980	zuegma	one word that applies to two things ex.) she stole his heart and his wallet	65