AP Unit 4 Vocabulary Flashcards
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| 12467419950 | State | An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs. | 0 | |
| 12467422954 | Sovereignty | Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states. | 1 | |
| 12467422955 | Nation | a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity | 2 | |
| 12467426513 | nation-state | A country who's population share a common identity or culture. | 3 | |
| 12467436396 | multinational state | State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. | 4 | |
| 12467453580 | Autonomous Regions | a defined area within a state that has a high degree of self-government and freedom from its parent state | 5 | |
| 12467460949 | stateless nation | a group of people with a common political identity who do not have a territorially defined, sovereign country of their own | 6 | |
| 12467467365 | multistate nation | when a nation stretches across borders and across states | 7 | |
| 12467471018 | Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | 8 | |
| 12467506205 | centripetal force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state | 9 | |
| 12467508413 | centrifugal force | a force that divides people and countries | 10 | |
| 12467508414 | Imperialsim | A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. | 11 | |
| 12467515359 | Colonialsim | Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory. | 12 | |
| 12467518958 | Berlin Conference (1884-1885) | a meeting at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa, also called the Congo Confrence | 13 | |
| 12467532084 | Decolonization | The collapse of colonial empires. Between 1947 and 1962, practically all former colonies in Asia and Africa gained independence. | 14 | |
| 12467536815 | Neocolonialism | Also called economic imperialism, this is the domination of newly independent countries by foreign business interests that causes colonial-style economies to continue, which often caused monoculture (a country only producing one main export like sugar, oil, etc). | 15 | |
| 12467581160 | Genocide | Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group | 16 | |
| 12467584346 | Cold War | A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. | 17 | |
| 12467587502 | Satellite State | independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation | 18 | |
| 12467591604 | ethnic cleansing | Process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region | 19 | |
| 12467597103 | Geopolitics | A foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands. | 20 | |
| 12467603379 | Territoriality | Defense of a space against encroachment by other individuals. | 21 | |
| 12467608135 | Organic Theory | The view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include stages of youth, maturity, and old age. | 22 | |
| 12467614706 | Heartland Theory | Hypothesis proposed by Halford MacKinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world. | 23 | |
| 12467619169 | Rimland Theory | the belief of Nicholas Spykman that domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provide a base for world conquest | 24 | |
| 12467631242 | natural boundary | A boundary created by a physical feature, such as a mountain, river, or strait | 25 | |
| 12467635548 | geometric boundary | Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines. | 26 | |
| 12467643465 | antecedent boundary | a boundary line established before the area in question is well populated | 27 | |
| 12467649250 | subsequent boundary | A boundary drawn after a cultural landscape is already in place | 28 | |
| 12467652628 | relic boundary | a former boundary line that is still discernible and marked by some cultural landscape features | 29 | |
| 12467656004 | superimposed boundary | a boundary line placed over and ignoring an existing cultural pattern | 30 | |
| 12467688314 | Irredentism | a policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a country aimed at a group of its nationals living in a neighboring country | 31 | |
| 12467701334 | The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) | A set of guidelines ratified by 150 countries that define four zones of control in the seas: territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone (EEZ), high sea. | 32 | |
| 12467731442 | Territorial Sea | A belt of coastal waters extending at most 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state; commercial vessels may pass but none commercial vessels may be challenges. | 33 | |
| 12467751360 | Contiguous Zone | Between 12 and 24 nautical miles from shore, a state may enforce laws concerning pollution, taxation, customs, and immigration. | 34 | |
| 12467756813 | Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) | as established in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, a zone of exploitation extending 200 nautical miles seaward from the a coastal state that has exclusive mineral and fishing rights over it | 35 | |
| 12467762807 | high seas | Areas of seas considered beyond territorial waters. | 36 | |
| 12467766038 | electorate | All of the people entitled to vote in a given election | 37 | |
| 12467771969 | Census | A complete enumeration of a population. | 38 | |
| 12467771970 | Reapportionment | the process of reassigning representation based on population, after every census | 39 | |
| 12467774321 | Gerrymandering | Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power. | 40 | |
| 12467779156 | Cracking | spreading voters of one type over many districts where they will comprise minorities that are unable to influence elections | 41 | |
| 12467779157 | packing | Placing as many voters of one type in a single district to minimize the number of elections they can influence. | 42 | |
| 12467789100 | Stacking | diluting a minority populated district with majority populations | 43 | |
| 12467795898 | hijacking | redrawing two districts in order to force two elected representatives of the same party to run against each other | 44 | |
| 12467799065 | kidnapping | moving an area where an elected representative has support to an area where he or she does not have support | 45 | |
| 12467803317 | Shatterbelt | a region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals (e.g., Israel or Kashmir today; Eastern Europe during the Cold War,...). | 46 | |
| 12467809704 | Unitary State | An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials | 47 | |
| 12467824689 | Federal State | An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government. | 48 | |
| 12467833040 | compact state | A state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly. | 49 | |
| 12467837701 | Elongated State | A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape. | 50 | |
| 12467837702 | Prorupted State | a compact state with a large projecting extension | 51 | |
| 12467841302 | Perforated State | a state that completely surrounds another one | 52 | |
| 12467845260 | fragmented state | A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory. | 53 | |
| 12467848607 | Annexation | Legally adding land area to a city in the United States | 54 | |
| 12467848608 | networks | a set of interconnected nodes without a center | 55 | |
| 12467861025 | Globalization | the integration of international trade and finance markets | 56 | |
| 12467871517 | Supranationalism | Multiple states coming together to form alliances in an effort to meet common cultural, economic, or military goals | 57 | |
| 12467875832 | Devolution | the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to subnational levels of government (i.e. states in the US) | 58 | |
| 12467898242 | Terrorism | the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. | 59 | |
| 12467901509 | subnationalism | Identification with small ethnic and regional groups within a nation. | 60 | |
| 12467907447 | Balkanization | The contentious political process by which a state may break up into smaller countries usually on ethno-linguistic lines. | 61 | |
| 12467924570 | Democrazation | the process of creating a government elected by the people | 62 | |
| 12467929474 | time-space compression | the social and psychological effects of living in a world in which time-space convergence has rapidly reached a high level of intensity | 63 | |
| 12467937943 | Regionlism | The belief or practice of regional administrative systems rather than central systems. | 64 | |
| 12467954100 | Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | 65 | |
| 12467965264 | homogeneous | of the same kind | 66 | |
| 12467968452 | Transnational Corporation | A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located. | 67 | |
| 12467992383 | Redistricting | The redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population. | 68 |