Cellular Respiration (AP Biology) Flashcards
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| 12222036057 | Aerobic Respiration | -Occurs in the presence of oxygen -Occurs in 3 stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (ETC) | 0 | |
| 12222061357 | Anaerobic Respiration | Occurs in situations where oxygen is not available AKA Fermentation Begins with glycolysis and concludes with the formation of NAD+ Two types: lactic acid fermentation & alcohol fermentation | 1 | |
| 12222064571 | Glycolysis | -Occurs in the cytoplasm of cells -Beginning of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration -A glucose molecule is broken down through a series of reactions into two molecules of ATP, NADH, and Pyruvate | 2 | |
| 12222067902 | Krebs Cycle | -Energy-producing reaction that occurs int eh matrix of the mitochondria -Pyruvate is broken down completely to H2O and CO2 to produce 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 ATP | 3 | |
| 12222071474 | Oxidative Phosphorylation | During the aerobic process, the NADH and FADH2 produced during the first two stages of respiration are used to create ATP | 4 | |
| 12222074971 | Chemiosmosis | The coupling of the movement of electrons down the electron transport chain with the formation of ATP using the driving force created by a proton gradient |  | 5 |
| 12222077874 | ATP Synthase | An enzyme that uses the flow of hydrogens to drive the phosphorylation of ADP to produce ATP |  | 6 |
| 12222081156 | Electron Transport Chain | -Chain of molecules located in the mitochondria that passes electrons along during the process of chemiosmosis to regenerate NAD+ to form ATP -Each time an electron passes to another member of the chain, the energy level of the system drops | 7 | |
| 12222086616 | Fermentation | -The process that ends when NAD+ is generated -A Glucose molecule entering the fermentation pathway generates two net ATP per molecule rather than 38 from Aerobic respiration | 8 | |
| 12222089729 | Lactic Acid Fermentation | -Occurs in human muscle cells when oxygen is not available -The pyruvate is reduced to lactate by NADH to regenerate NAD+ | 9 | |
| 12222092288 | Alcohol Fermentation | -Occurs in yeast, fungi, and bacteria -The first stem involves the conversion of pyruvate into two 2-carbon molecules -The process concludes when these molecules are converted to ethanol and NAD+ | 10 |