AP World History Chapter 14 Flashcards

10877525872	Taika Reforms	Attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army.	0
10877525873	The Tale of Genji	Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; related history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society	1
10877525874	The Fujiwaras	Japanese aristocratic family in the mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power	2
10877525875	Bushi	Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies.	3
10877525876	Samurai	Mounted troops of Japanese warrior leaders (bushi); loyal to local lords, not the emperor.	4
10877525877	Sepukku	Ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and a means to restore family honor.	5
10877525878	Taira Family	Powerful Japanese family in the 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei wars.	6
10877525879	Minamoto Family	Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th-century Japan.	7
10877525880	Gempei Wars	Waged for five years from 1180, on the Honshu island between Taira and Minamoto families; resulted in destruction of Taira.	8
10877525881	Bakufu	Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai.	9
10877525882	Shoguns	Military leaders of the bakufu (military governments in Japan).	10
10877525883	Hojo Family	Warrior family closely allied with Minamoto; dominated Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers who claimed to rule in name of Japanese emperor at Kyoto.	11
10877525884	Ashikaga Takuaji	Member of the Minamoto family; overthrew the Kamakura regime and established the Ashikaga Shogunate from 1336-1573; drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino.	12
10877525885	Ashikaga Shogunate	Replaced the Kamakura regime in Japan; ruled from 1336 to 1573; destroyed rival Yoshino center of imperial authority.	13
10877525886	When did the Japanese civil wars take place?	The wars raged from 1467 to 1477, during the collapse of centralized authority (shogunate).	14
10877525887	Daimyos	Warlord rulers of 300 small states following civil war and disruption of Ashikaga Shogunate; holdings consolidated into unified and bounded mini-states.	15
10877525888	What helped some women avoid the drop in female status during the age of warring daimyos?	The growth of commerce and the handicraft industries.	16
10877525889	Choson Kingdom	Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han armies in 109 BCE.	17
10877525890	Who conquered the Choson Kingdom?	It was conquered by the Han emperor Wudi.	18
10877525891	Koguryo	Tribal people of northern Korea; established independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula in 37 BCE; began a process of Sinification.	19
10877525892	Silla Kingdom	Independent Korean kingdom in the southeastern part of the peninsula; defeated Koguryo with the help of their chinese Tang allies; sumbitted as a vassal of the Tang emperor and agreed to tribute payment; ruled united Korea by 668.	20
10877525893	Paekche Kingdom	Independent Korean kingdom in southwestern part of peninsula; defeated by rival Silla kingdom and its Chinese Tang allies in 7th century.	21
10877525894	Sinification	Extensive adoption of Chinese culture in other regions; typical of Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.	22
10877525895	Koryo Dynasty	Korean dynasty that ruled from 935-1392, replaced the Silla dynasty	23
10877525896	What was the status of artisans and traders in Korea?	They had very low status, and traders were so weak that they never really formed a distinct class.	24
10877525897	Yi Dynasty	Korean Dynasty that succeeded Koryo dynasty following period of Mongol invasions; established in 1392; ruled Korea to 1910; resotred aristocratic dominance and Chinese influence.	25
10877525898	What was the status of women like in Korea?	Women had higher status in Korea than in China- they had greater freedom and more influence. They were generally the dominant force in both local and large urban markets and the trading systems.	26
10877525899	Khmers	Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; moved into Mekong River delta region at time of Vietnamese drive to the south.	27
10877525900	Trung Sisters	Leaders of one of the frequent peasant rebellions in Vietnam against Chinese rule; revolt broke out in 39 CE; demonstrates importance of Vietnamese women in indigenous society.	28
10877525901	Ho Xuan Huong	A Vietnamese poet who wrote about women's hardships under the Confucian codes. An example of something she ridiculed was polygamy.	29
10877525902	Le Dynasty	The first dynasty formed after Vietnam gained independence from China; a source of legitimacy for later dynasties.	30
10877525903	Chams	Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into the highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the south.	31
10877525904	Nguyen Dynasty	Rival Vietnamese dynasty that arose in southern Vietnam to challenge traditional dynasty of Trinh in north at Hanoi; kingdom centered on Red and Mekong rivers; capital at Hue.	32
10877525905	Trinh Dynasty	Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in South.	33