AP World History 600 AD - 1450 AD Flashcards

9808009952	Hijrah	Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina	0
9808015726	Umma	Community of Muhammad's followers	1
9808033822	What year did Muhammad cleanse the Kaaba?	629-630 AD	2
9808054929	Zakat	Muslim tithe	3
9808088314	Caliph	Successor of the prophet Muhammad	4
9808103138	Which Caliph was assasinated?	Uthman of the Umayyad family, the 3rd Caliph	5
9808132400	Who became Caliph after Uthman	Ali, the cousin and son in law of Muhammad	6
9808134681	When was Ali assassinated?	661 AD	7
9840903615	What did Hasan's giving up of power lead to?	The Umayyad Dynasty which was mainly Sunni	8
9840914946	Who was the Done of the Rock built under?	The Umayyad Dyansty	9
9840919799	Capital of the Umayyad Dynasty?	Damascus	10
9840927244	Umayyad Dynasty collapsed in the 700s due to	Civil War between Shia and Sunni	11
9840930386	Malawi	Non-Arab Muslims	12
9840934153	Abbasid Dynasty Capital	Baghdad	13
9840938359	Abbasid defeated who at the battle of Talus	Tang Chinese Army —> discovered paper money	14
9840950830	Abbasid Dynasty found	Classical writings of Athens and Rome, and translated them into Arabic.	15
9840958437	Levant	Present day Israel, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon (Holy Land)	16
9840962836	Sufis	Islamic Missionaries	17
9840971544	Women veiling began	In Mesopotamia, and Persia	18
9840982044	Seljuk Turks	Nomadic Sunni group	19
9840985722	Who destroyed the Abbasid Dynasty?	Mongols, Crusades helped	20
9840995835	Roman Empire split in	286 and 395	21
9841009396	Who made Christianity the official religion of Rome, and reunited Empire in Constantinople?	Constantine	22
9841015718	Justinian is known for	1.) Justinian Code 2.) Hagia Sophia 3.) Plan to recover W half of Europe	23
9841034831	Catholic and Orthodox split happened in	1034	24
9841038087	W was disorganized politically —>	Stronger Church	25
9841040045	E was more organized politically —>	Less of involved Church	26
9841045420	Slavic people's converted to Christianity because of	St Cyril, who made the Cyrillic Alphabet	27
9841050398	Vladimir	Russian prince from Kiev who converged to Christianity.	28
9841055053	Franks	Germanic tribes who eventually converted to Christianity	29
9841060267	Franks became united in	The 400s by King Clovis	30
9841070013	Frank "Empire"	Constantly unified, and broke apart	31
9841077347	Who led Franks to victory at the Battle of Tours	Charles Martel	32
9841081814	Charles's son Pepin the Short	Was crowned by the Pope	33
9841099058	Charlemagne built the "Holy Roman Empire" but it was	Divied amongst his grandsons by the Treaty of Verdun	34
9841106608	Vikings attacked	Constantinople 3 times	35
9841111484	William	Famous Viking / Norman who conquered Anglo-Saxon England in 1066.	36
9841116280	Vikings also	Converted to Christianity	37
9888816127	Shogun	King and Nobles	38
9888816128	Daimyo	Lords	39
9888817906	Lesser Daimyo	Vassals	40
9888817907	Peasants	Peasants and Serfs	41
9888822330	Primogeniture	Passing rights to eldest son	42
9888826007	By the 1000s	Europe was re-engaging with the world	43
9888829258	Burghers	-Middle class merchants -Citizen of town or city, often members of the bourgeoisie.	44
9888830603	Hanseatic League	Econ alliance established in 1358, that aided much of N Europe.	45
9888837364	Pope Innocent III	Led multiple inquisitions to target heresy	46
9888859111	Scholasticism	-Founding of universities, and the spread of work from scholars. -Knowledge spread through the Crusades, as Europeans received writings of Greeks that the Arabs had.	47
9888879106	Interregnum	A time between kings in Germany	48
9888887877	King John	Forced to sign the Magna Carta in 1215 AD	49
9888900782	100 Years' War	War between England and France on French territory that England claimed.	50
9888920434	Queen Isabella, who was the ruler of Castile married	Ferdinand, heir to the Spanish Kingdom of Aragon	51
9888923765	Emperor Xuanzong	Tang Emperor who expanded territory N, E and SE.	52
9888942059	Tang Dynasty collapsed in 907	because it was too large and couldn't oversee everything.	53
9888957191	Song Dynasty took power in	960	54
9888960282	Song Dynasty fell to the	Mongols, who created the Yuan Dynasty.	55
9888971623	Ming Dynasty came after	the Yuan	56
9888974709	Even when the Mongols ruled China,	the underlying bureaucracy remained.	57
9888977089	Chinese tribute system targeted	Vietnam, Korea, Tibet, etc.	58
9888984009	By 1450, China was	at the top, but it later chose to isolate itself.	59
9888988465	Champa	Fast ripening rice from Vietnam	60
9888991106	600 --> 1200 China's population went from	45 million to 115 million	61
9888992879	Wu Zhao	First and only Empress of China, she was compassionate to peasants	62
9888998213	Mahayana Buddhism	Teaches to seek a life apart from worldly values.	63
9889009164	Chan Buddhism	-Emphasized meditation, and appreciation of beauty. -Won converts in the educated classes	64
9889019952	Emperor Wuzong	led a persecution against Buddhists in the mid 800s, during the Tang Dynasty.	65
9889027652	Japan 1st ruling clan	Yamato Clan, current emperor is a descendant of them	66
9889034428	Shinto	-"Way of Gods" -Animism in Japan	67
9889042858	Japanese often blended	Buddhism and Shintoism	68
9889046184	Prince Shotoku	Borrowed bureaucratic and legal reforms, following Tang Dynasty	69
9889049586	Japanese largely rejected	Confucianism and the civil service exam, due to their emphasis on heredity	70
9889053474	Fujiwara	-Powerful aristocratic family who intermarried with the Emperor's family and soon ran the affairs of the country. -Led to the Shogun	71
9889063359	Korea adoped	Confucianism and Chan Buddhism	72
9889068039	Delhi Sultanate	-Islamic Kingdom in India -Islam and Hinduism are bipolar -Hindu temples were sometimes destroyed and occasionally violence erupted in communities. -Colleges were founded, and irrigation was vastly improved	73
9889083325	Kush	-African kingdom S of Egypt. -Kush developed at about the same time as ancient Egypt and at one point conquered part of it in 750 BC. -Eventually they retreated back to their capital Meroe	74
9889099885	Axum	-Modern day Ethiopia -Converted to Christianity in the 300s -Many converted to Islam in the 600s	75
9889111879	Ghana	-800-->1000 -Kingdom in W Africa with tons of gold -Traded with Islamic Empires -Collapsed after Holy War led by Muslims tried to convert the nation.	76
9889122886	Mali	-1200-->1450 -Coverted to Islam -Mansa Musa made pilgrimage to Mecca	77
9889130452	Songhai	-Sonni Ali conquered a large area -Timbuktu became a major cultural center, with a university that drew scholars from around the Muslim world.	78
9889136034	Benin	Bronze sculpting technique	79
9889138980	Cuzco may have had	as many as 300,000 people in the 1400s	80
9889142593	Incan rulers	were mummified after death	81
9889144931	Quipu	Incan set of knotted strings, for data keeping	82
9889148630	Incan were excellent builders, as seen in	Temple of the Sun, and Machu Picchu	83
9902059874	The area in which Islam showed the most profound change from the 600s to the 1400s was	in the role of women	84
9902064806	Lower Hindu castes embraced	Islam because of its emphasis on equality.	85
9902076937	Primary source of Muhammad's teachings	The Hadith	86
9902079967	Islam gained strength	within portions of the former Roman Empire	87
9902083865	Confucianism combined with	Buddhism to create a cultural bridge between China and Korea	88
9902088553	Japanese feudalism	saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan	89
9902097449	The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry	weakened efforts to curb nomadic invasions	90
9902106638	Buddhism became more popular among China's neighbors than in China itself because	Buddhism didn't originate in China	91
9902113791	The Yuan Dynasty was brought down by all of the following except	foreign resistance to Mongol Peace	92
9902118929	Under Mongol rule in China	Chinese regional rulers were allowed to govern	93
9902123738	The influence of nomadic peoples in Eurasia	created a reciprocal relationship between the nomads and settled peoples.	94
9902127447	Aztec and Inca religions	reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies	95
9902132155	The natives of North America	used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica	96
9902138689	Which of the American peoples was closer to the Persians in their adminstrative style?	The Incas	97
9902427468	In contrast to Japanese feudalism, W European feudalism	created a reciprocal relationship between lord and vassal	98
9902431506	Early medieval Europe's strongest state was	the Holy Roman Empire	99
9902438440	During the Middle Ages, the concept of limited gov was seen most clearly in	England	100
9902441150	Medieval Europe	developed new banking institutions from multicultural contacts	101
9974616899	Merovingian Dynasty	400s rule of France	102
9974622586	Carolingian Dynasty	-700s rule of France -Battle of Tours	103