AP PHYSICS 1 Concept review 2018 Flashcards

9719154865	vector	quantity that involves both magnitude and direction	0
9719154866	scalar	a quantity that does not involve a direction	1
9719154867	kinematics	mathematical tools for describing motion in terms of displacement, velocity, and acceleration	2
9719154868	position	location in some point in space	3
9719154869	displacement	change in position	4
9719154870	average speed formula	total distance/ time d/t	5
9719154871	average velocity	displacement / time △x/△t	6
9719154872	velocity	speed with a direction	7
9719154873	acceleration	change in velocity/ time △v/△t	8
9719154874	slope of position-versus-time graph	velocity	9
9719154875	slope of velocity-versus-time graph	acceleration	10
9719154876	area between the graph and the t axis on a velocity-versus-time graph	object's displacement	11
9719154877	gravity	-10 m/s^2	12
9719154878	Newton's first law	an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in constant velocity unless a net force acts on it (law of inertia)	13
9719154975	Newton's second law		14
9719154879	Newton's third law	for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction (action/ reaction pair)	15
9719154880	newton	kg m/s^2 unit of force	16
9719154881	inertia	the property of objects to naturally resist changes in their states of motion	17
9719154882	weight (of an object)	the gravitational force exerted on it by the Earth or whatever planet Fw or Fg= mg	18
9719154883	normal force	component of force that's perpendicular to the surface	19
9719154884	free-body diagram	A diagram that shows all the forces acting on an object	20
9719154885	friction force	force that's parallel to the surface	21
9719154886	static friction	occurs when there is no motion between two objects (friction that holds an object still)	22
9719154887	mu	coefficient of friction	23
9719154888	kinetic friction	occurs when there is relative motion (when there's sliding)	24
9719154889	kinetic energy	the energy of an object due to motion K= .5mv^2	25
9719154890	potential energy	the energy an object or system has by virtue of its position Ug - gravitational potential energy △Ug= mg△h	26
9719154891	uniform circular motion	-speed is constant - velocity is not constant because the direction of velocity is always changing -in order to produce acceleration there must be a force towards the center	27
9719154892	centripetal force	Caused by something - friction, tension, gravity. Always points towards the center. NEVER used as a force on a force diagram	28
9719154893	newton's law of gravitation	any two objects in the universe exert an attractive force on each other called the gravitational force	29
9719154894	universal gravitational constant (G)=	6.7 E-11Nkg^2/m^2	30
9719154895	gravitational force	r is the distance between the two objects	31
9719154896	torque	-a property of force that makes an object rotate - NOT A FORCE - theta = angle between force and object	32
9719154897	equilibrium	- sum of all forces acting on an object is 0: F net=0 acceleration = 0	33
9719154898	rotational equilibrium	- sum of all torques on an object is 0: T net = 0	34
9719154899	static equilibrium	an object is at rest	35
9719154900	rotational inertia	also known as the moment of inertia -the tendency of an object in motion to rotate until acted upon by an outside force	36
9719154901	Joule	unit of energy; Nm	37
9719154902	meter	Unit of distance or displacement.	38
9719154903	second	Unit of time.	39
9719154904	Greater	The longer the lever arm, the ... the torque.	40
9719154905	Less	The less the force applied, the ... the torque.	41
9719154906	decreases	As the distance from a planet increases, the velocity to orbit at that location ...	42
9719154907	increases	As the distance from the planet decreases, the force of gravity at that location ...	43
9719154908	inverse square	Gravitational force is what type of formula?	44
9719154909	Dynamic equilibrium	moving at a constant velocity forces are balanced	45
9719154910	sine	Trig function - opposite/hypotenuse	46
9719154911	cosine	Trig function - adjacent/hypotenuse	47
9719154912	tangent	Trig function - opposite/adjacent	48
9719154913	tension	Type of force in a cable or rope	49
9719154914	atwood machine	A single pulley with two different masses, allowed to accelerate under the influence of gravity	50
9719154915	doubles	If you double one mass, what happens to the Fg between two masses?	51
9719154916	quadruples	If you decrease the distance between two masses, what happens to the Fg between them?	52
9719154917	increases 9 fold	If you triple your velocity, what happens to the stopping distance required for decent tires?	53
9719154918	Period	Time for one rotation or revolution	54
9719154919	frequency	number of rotations/second	55
9719154920	T = 1/f	Formula for the relationship between period and frequency	56
9719154921	add	If you have a mass moving up an incline, what do you do with the force down the incline and the force of friction?	57
9719154922	terminal velocity	Fastest falling speed; due to air resistance	58
9719154923	Hooke's Law	F = -kx	59
9719154924	45	angle for the best range for a projectile	60
9719154925	90	angle for longest hand time for a projectile	61
9719154926	down	What direction does gravity always point?	62
9719154927	peak	The name for the tippy top of a trajectory for an upwardly fired projectile.	63
9719154928	linear velocity	angular velocity/r	64
9719154929	gm1/(m1+m2)	acceleration for something falling and pulling another object along	65
9719154930	Watt	The unit of power; J/s	66
9719154931	Ohm's "law"	I = V/R	67
9719154932	nonohmic	resistors that don't obey Ohm's law	68
9719154933	source	battery or wall socket	69
9719154934	conductor	wire	70
9719154935	load	another name for an appliance or resistor	71
9719154936	Power	IV	72
9719154937	decreases by a factor of 16	If you quadruple the distance between two charges, what happens to the electrical force between them?	73
9719154940	Coulomb's Law	Ge = kQ1Q2/r^2	74
9719154941	repulsion	When the value for Fe is positive, what does that mean?	75
9719154947	volt	unit of potential difference	76
9719154948	ampere	unit of current; C/s	77
9719154949	1.60 E-19 C	value of the charge of a single electron?	78
9719154950	outward	What direction do positive charges point?	79
9719154951	electrons	All charges are about added or lost ...	80
9719154952	345 m/s	the average speed of sound is ...	81
9719154953	beats	[f2-f1] = ?	82
9719154954	echo	Reflected sound is called a/an ...	83
9719154955	open pipe	fundamental f = v/(2L)	84
9719154956	closed pipe	fundamental f = v/(4L)	85
9719154957	refraction	the bending of a wave as it changes media	86
9719154958	reflection	the bouncing off of a wave from a rigid suface	87
9719154960	wave	wiggle in time	88
9719154961	crest	the high point on a transverse wave	89
9719154962	longitudinal	the type of wave sound is	90
9719154963	transverse	the type of wave light is	91
9719154964	constructive interference	Superposition of waves where the amplitude increases	92
9719154965	destructive interference	Superposition of waves where the amplitude decreases	93
9719154966	pitch	A musician 's term for the frequency of a sound	94
9719154967	ultraviolet	the type of light radiation that causes skin cancer and cataracts	95
9719154968	infrared	the type of light radiation that causes your skin to feel warm but undamaged.	96
9719154969	kinetic and rotational energy	When a ball is rolling down an incline it is converting potential energy into ...	97
9719154970	hollow	Between a hollow and a solid ball, the one with the most rotational inertia, who gets to the bottom last is ...	98
9719154971	atwood machine	a(m2-m1)/(m2 + m1)	99