AP Bio Functional Groups Flashcards
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| 8038954557 | hydroxyl group: structure | —OH : A hyrdrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule | 0 | |
| 8038954558 | hydroxyl group: compound name | Alcohols - names usually end in "-ol" | 1 | |
| 8038954559 | hydroxyl group: compound example | Ethanol, the alcohol present in alcoholic beverages |  | 2 |
| 8038954560 | hydroxyl group: functional properties | Polar ; attracts water molecules, helping to dissolve organic compounds | 3 | |
| 8038954561 | carbonyl group: compound names | ketone, if the group is within a carbon skeleton; aldehyde, if the group is at the end of the skeleton | 4 | |
| 8038954564 | carbonyl group: structure | >CO : Carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond | 5 | |
| 8038954565 | carboxyl group: structure | —COOH : Oxygen atom double-bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to a hydroxyl group | 6 | |
| 8038954566 | carboxyl group: compound name | Carboxylic acids - organic acids | 7 | |
| 8038954567 | carboxyl group: compound example | acetic acid, which gives vinegar its sour taste |  | 8 |
| 8038954568 | carboxyl group: functional properties | acidic properties because it can give off hydrogen ions | 9 | |
| 8038954569 | amino group: structure | —NH2 : nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton | 10 | |
| 8038954570 | amino group: compound name | Amines | 11 | |
| 8038954571 | amino group: compound example | amino acids - has carboxyl group as well, thus the name | 12 | |
| 8038954572 | amino group: functional properties | acts as a base; can pick up a proton (H+ ion) from the surrounding solution; ionized with a charge of 1+ under cellular conditions | 13 | |
| 8038954573 | sulfhydryl group: structure | —SH : sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen (resembles a hydroxyl group in shape) | 14 | |
| 8038954576 | sulfhydryl group: funtional properties | two can interact to help stabilize protein structure | 15 | |
| 8038954577 | phosphate group: structure | —OPO3: phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms; one oxygen is bonded to the carbon skeleton; two oxygens carry negative charges (ionized form of a phosphoric acid group) | 16 | |
| 8038954578 | phosphate group: compound name | Organic phosphates | 17 | |
| 8038954579 | phosphate group: compound example | found on nucleic acids | 18 | |
| 8038954580 | phosphate group: functional properties | makes the molecule of which it is a part an anion (negatively charged ion); can transfer energy between organic molecules | 19 |