AP World History - Strayer Chapter 4 Vocabulary Flashcards

12178038108	Legalism	A Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments.	0
12178038109	Confucius (Kong Fuzi)	The founder of Confucianism (551-479 B.C.E.); an aristocrat of northern China who proved to be the greatest influence on Chinese culture in its history.	1
12178038110	Ban Zhao	A major female Confucian author of Han dynasty China (45-116 C.E.) whose works give insight into the implication of Confucian thinking for women.	2
12178038111	Daoism	A Chinese philosophy/popular religion that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature, founded by the legendary figure Laozi.	3
12178038112	Vedas	The earliest religious texts of India, a collection of ancient poems, hymns, and rituals that were transmitted orally before being written down ca. 600 B.C.E.	4
12178038113	Upanishads	Indian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E.	5
12178038114	Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)	The Indian prince who turned ascetic (ca. 566-486 B.C.E.) who founded Buddhism.	6
12178038115	Mahayana	"Great Vehicle," the popular development of Buddhism in the early centuries of the Common Era, which gives a much greater role to supernatural beings and proved to be more popular than original (Theravada) Buddhism.	7
12178038116	Bhagavad Gita	A great Hindu epic text, part of the much larger Mahabharata, which affirms the performance of caste duties as a path to religious liberation.	8
12178038117	Zoroastrianism	Persian monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra. (good vs. evil)	9
12178038118	Judaism	The monotheistic religion developed by the Hebrews, emphasizing a sole personal god (Yahweh) with concerns with social justice.	10
12178038119	Greek rationalism	A secularizing system of scientific and philosophic thought that developed in Classical Greece in the period 600 to 300 B.C.E.; it emphasized the power of education and human reason to understand the world in nonreligious terms.	11
12178038120	Theravada	"The Teaching of the Elders," the early form of Buddhism according to which the Buddha was a wise teacher but not divine and which emphasizes practices rather than beliefs.	12
12178038121	Socrates	The first great Greek philosopher to turn rationalism toward questions of human existence	13
12178038122	Plato	A disciple of Socrates whose Dialogues convey the teachings of his master while going beyond them to express Plato's own philosophy.	14
12178038123	Aristotle	Student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great.	15
12178038125	Jesus of Nazareth	Rural small town worker from lower class family. Religion of Christianity grew from life teachings.	16
12178038124	Saint Paul	Follower of Jesus. Highly negative views of women grew wholly to male hierarchy of church.	17
12178038126	Church of the East	Planted churches in Syria and Persia that were distinct in theology and practice from the Roman Church	18
12178038127	Perpetua	Christian martyr in North Africa. Educated and wealthy, spread christianity to roman empire.	19