AP Biology- Immune Response Flashcards
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| 12020420365 | Helper T Cell | Stimulates and activates killer T cells and B cells; interacts with antigens | 0 | |
| 12020420366 | Killer T Cell | T cell clone that destroys pathogens either by punching holes in cell membranes or secreting lymphokines. |  | 1 |
| 12020420367 | Plasma B Cell | Produce antibodies to fight pathogens |  | 2 |
| 12020420368 | Memory B Cell | B cell clones that remember pathogen allowing for faster response in event of second exposure to same antigen. |  | 3 |
| 12020420369 | Antigen | Part of a pathogen that activates an immune response | 4 | |
| 12020420370 | Antibody | An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response. |  | 5 |
| 12020420371 | Pathogen | Disease-causing organism or virus; Examples: Viruses - cold, flu; Bacteria - pneumonia; Fungi - yeast; Protists - amoeba | 6 | |
| 12020420372 | 1st Line of Defense in Immune Response | Nonspecific/innate barriers -Barrier: skin -Traps: mucous membranes, cilia, hair, earwax -Elimination: coughing, sneezing, urination, diarrhea -Unfavorable pH: stomach acid, sweat, saliva, urine -Lysozyme enzymes |  | 7 |
| 12020420373 | 2nd Line of Defense in Immune Response | Nonspecific/innate patrols -Patrolling cells and proteins: attack pathogens, but don't remember them |  | 8 |
| 12020420374 | 3rd Line of Defense in Immune Response | Acquired immunity -Specific defense with memory: lymphocytes (B and T cells) and antibodies (immunoglobulins) -Responds to antigens: cellular name tags (macrophages) | 9 | |
| 12020420375 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | Virus infects & destroys helper T cells, so they can't activate rest of immune systems (killer T and B cells) |  | 10 |
| 12020420376 | Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | disease caused by HIV infection; allows infection by opportunistic diseases, leads to death (cancers, pneumonia) | 11 | |
| 12020420377 | Immune System Malfunctions | *Auto-Immune diseases -lupus -rheumatoid arthritis -diabetes -multiple sclerosis *Allergies -over-reaction to environmental antigens -allergens: proteins on pollens, dust mites, in animal saliva -stimulates release of histamine | 12 | |
| 12020420378 | Macrophage | Amoeboid cells that roam connective tissue and engulf foreign particles and debris of dead cells. |  | 13 |
| 12020420379 | Humoral Immunity | specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids |  | 14 |
| 12020420380 | Cell-Mediated Immunity | type of immunity produced by T cells that attack infected or abnormal body cells |  | 15 |
| 12020420381 | Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) | a group of "self-antigens" located in the plasma membranes of body cells that are unique for each person | 16 | |
| 12020420382 | Cytokine | substances, such as interferon, interleukin, and growth factors, that are secreted by certain cells of the immune system and have an effect on other cells | 17 |