Ap World History Flashcards

14749250589	Hominidae (family)	orangutans, gorillas, chimps, humans	0
14749250590	Homo erectus	upright man	1
14749250591	homo sapiens	A species of the creatures Hominid who have larger brains and to which humans belong, dependent of language and usage of tools.	2
14749250592	Paleolithic	Old Stone Age	3
14749250593	Neanderthals	extinct species of humans in paleolithic period	4
14749250594	cave paintings	Prehistoric wall art	5
14749250595	Neolithic	New Stone Age, change from hunting to farming(agriculture)	6
14749250596	Catal Huyuk	One of first true cities in history, created in the Neolithic Era, from which were created agriculture, trading, temples, housing, and religions in Anatolia(present day turkey)	7
14749250597	Mesopotamia	Land between two rivers	8
14749250598	Euphrates and Tigris	Rivers in Mesopotamia	9
14749250599	Sumerians	first culture in the world to develop cities and first mesopotamian civilization.	10
14749250600	Semitic peoples	Pastoral peoples living in semiarid regions of Syria and northern Arabia who spoke versions of the same language(Hebrews Arabic)	11
14749250601	Phoenicians	traders who created the first Alphabet	12
14749250602	Sumerian cities	-cities were formed out of sun-baked brick -cities also had ziggurats, which were the center for religious and commercial activity -city states	13
14749250603	Ziggurat	A pyramid shaped temple in center of Mesopotamian cities for worship	14
14749250604	Sargon of Akkad	an ancient Mesopotamian ruler who conquered Sumerian city states leading to an empire.	15
14749250605	Hammurabi	Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia	16
14749250606	Lex Talionis	eye for an eye	17
14749250607	assyrians	very harsh people who exploited the use of iron weapons from the Hittites to build their Mesopotamian empire	18
14749250608	King Nebuchadnezzar	rebuilt Babylon to the greatest city of the time	19
14749250609	Hebrews, Israelites, Jews	Different names for the same people, but different time, place in history.	20
14749250610	Monotheism	Belief in one God	21
14749250611	Yahweh	Hebrew name for God	22
14749250612	Indo-Eurpoean	most widely used language family. ex: Romance, Celtic, Germanic, and Greek	23
14749250613	Hitites	first to use iron	24
14749250614	War Chariot	ancient horse drawn two wheeled	25
14749250615	Nile River	The river in which early kingdoms in Egypt were centered around.	26
14749250616	menes	King who United upper and lower Egypt	27
14749250617	Archaic Period	600-480 BCE	28
14749250618	Old Kingdom	Period in ancient Egyptian history characterized by the building of the Great Pyramids at Giza and first continuous peak of civilization.	29
14749250619	Pharoahs	Egyptian god-kings	30
14749250620	kush	Empire rich with iron, gold, and silver that was conquered by egyptians	31
14749250621	Hyksos	a group of nomadic invaders from southwest Asia who ruled Egypt from 1640 to 1570 B.C.	32
14749250622	Tuthmosis III	led his troops into Palestine and Syria and received tribute from the Mesopotamian city-states.	33
14749250623	King Kashta	King of Kush; founded Kushite dynasty; conquered upper egypt(Thebes)	34
14749250624	Queen Hashepsut	Egyptian queen, she increase trade with places outside of Egypt and ordered many impressive monuments and temples to be built	35
14749250625	Iron metallurgy	Extraction of iron from its ores. allowed for cheaper stronger production of weapons and tools.	36
14749250626	hieroglyphic writing	an ancient form of Egyptian writing that uses detailed pictures and symbols to express meanings	37
14749250627	Bantu	A major African language family. Famous for migrations throughout central and southern Africa. Linguistically influential	38
14749250628	Indus River	a large river surrounded by fertile land in modern India/Pakistan. Flows through the Himalayas	39
14749250629	Mojenjo-Daro	The largest settlement in the Indus River Valley, used a system of plumbing	40
14749250630	Harrapan Society	located in the indus river valley, indigenous dravidian peoples. Little is known about them	41
14749250631	Aryans	nomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally settled	42
14749250632	Dravidians	The original people of the Indus Valley	43
14749250633	Vedas	Ancient Hindu scriptures	44
14749250634	Dasas	Name the Aryans gave to the people they found in India; means dark skin	45
14749250635	Caste System	A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life	46
14749250636	Brahmins	Priests, at the top of the caste system	47
14749250637	Kshatriyas	rulers and warriors/aristocrats second highest of social class	48
14749250638	vaishyas	Hindu caste of cultivators, artisans, and merchants, 3rd	49
14749250639	Shudras	The landless peasants and serfs of the caste system, 4th	50
14749250640	Untouchables	LOWEST LEVEL OF INDIAN SOCIETY; not considered a real part of the caste system	51
14749250641	Lawbook of Manu	guidelines formed based on Hindu beliefs brought order and first law to be solely based on religon	52
14749250642	Brahman	A single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything	53
14749250643	Samsara	reincarnation	54
14749250644	Karma	people's action determine their own destiny	55
14749250645	yellow river	Also known as the Huang-He. The majority of ancient Chinese civilizations originated in its valley.	56
14749250646	Yangzi	River in central China	57
14749250647	Xia	First Chinese dynasty	58
14749250648	Zhou	Succeeded the Shang dynasty. one of the longest Chinese dynasties, lasting about 600 years. It left substantial written records, unlike the preceding dynasties.	59
14749250649	Qin	1st unified imperial Chinese dynasty	60
14749250650	Xia Dynasty	This was the earliest known dynasty. The people of this time were farmers and made pottery.	61
14749250651	Shang Dynasty	Second Chinese dynasty mostly a farming society ruled by an aristocracy mostly concerned with war. best remembered for their art of bronze casting.	62
14749250652	Zhou Dynasty	the longest lasting Chinese dynasty, during which the use of iron was introduced.	63
14749250653	Mandate of Heaven	a political theory of ancient China, government given right from god	64
14749250654	Period of Warring States	The period in Chinese history (403-221 BCE) in which many different states emerged and were fighting for control of China.	65
14749250655	Oracle Bones	animal bones carved with written characters which were used for telling the future from the Shang dynasty	66
14749250656	Book of Changes	book that talks about how everything is made of yin and yang	67
14749250657	Book of Songs	the earliest collection of Chinese poetry; it provides glimpses of life in the early Zhou Dynasty	68
14749250658	chu	Autonomous state in the central Yangzi region of China during the Zhou dynasty	69
14749250659	Mesoamerica	"Middle America" the region extending from modern-day Mexico through Central America	70
14749250660	Colossal human heads	Large sculpted human made by the Olmec of their leaders	71
14749250661	Teotihuacan	first major metropolis in Mesoamerica. It is most remembered for the gigantic "pyramid of the sun".	72
14749250662	Tikal	the most important Maya political center between the 4th-9th centuries and largest Mayan city in Guatemala	73
14749250663	Chichen Itza	an ancient Mayan city located on the Yucatan Peninsula.	74
14749250664	Popol Vuh	A book containing a version of the Mayan story of creation.	75
14749250665	Bloodletting Rituals	Rituals practiced by Mayans with the belief that such sacrifices would please the gods	76
14749250666	Mochica	Pre-Incan South American society (300-700) known for their brilliant ceramics.	77
14749250667	Chavin Cult	Mysterious but very popular South American religion (1000-300 BCE) using features of human and wild animals	78