Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 8721622272 | precursors for the formation of biomolecules | Water, CO2, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), dinitrogen (N2) | 0 | |
| 8721622273 | Metabolites | Simple organic compounds that are intermediates in energy transformation and in the biosynthesis of building blocks (ex glucose, pyruvate, citrate) | 1 | |
| 8721622274 | Building blocks | Amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, fatty acids, glycerol | 2 | |
| 8721622275 | Macromolecules | Covalent linkage of building blocks produces molecules like proteins, polysaccharides, polynucleotides, and lipids | 3 | |
| 8721622276 | Supramolecular complexes | Various members of one or more classes of macromolecules come together to form specific assemblies that serve important cellular functions (ex ribosomes, chromosomes) | 4 | |
| 8721622277 | Noncovalent bonds | Hydrogen bonds, van der waals, ionic, hydrophobic | 5 | |
| 8721915266 | Ligand | A molecule or atom that binds specifically to another molecule | 6 | |
| 8721985857 | Metabolism | The ordered reaction pathways by which cellular chemistry proceeds and biological energy transformations are accomplished | 7 | |
| 8761456840 | Isolated system | A system that can exchange neither energy nor matter with its surroundings | 8 | |
| 8761456841 | closed system | May Exchange energy but not matter with the surroundings | 9 | |
| 8761456842 | Open system | May Exchange matter, energy, or both with the surroundings | 10 | |
| 8822747558 | Zwitterion | Has a positive and negative charge ex. AA in pH 7, backbone is charged | 11 | |
| 8823537286 | oligopeptide | 12-20 AA | 12 | |
| 8823537287 | Polypeptide | 20+ amino acids, used interchangeably with the word protein | 13 | |
| 8823537288 | monomeric protein | One polypeptide chain | 14 | |
| 8823537289 | multimeric protein | More than one poly peptide chain | 15 | |
| 8823537290 | Homomultimeric | Multimeric protein with only one kind of polypeptide chain | 16 | |
| 8823537291 | Heteromultimeric | Multimeric protein with several different kinds of polypeptide chains | 17 | |
| 8872274429 | Polyamino acids | Polymers in which all the AA are identical (some spontaneously form alpha helices some do not, others depend on the enviro) | 18 | |
| 8906047354 | Intrinsically unstructured protein | Needed for basic cellular functions but have no defined structure | 19 | |
| 8906056914 | One to many binding | Iup region/protein can change its shape to bind to different things | 20 | |
| 9112457470 | Glycoconjucates | Carbohydrates that are covalently linked to other molecules | 21 | |
| 9112457471 | Glycosides | Pyramids and furanose forms of monosaccharides reacts w alcohols via dehydration synthesis to form these | 22 | |
| 9112457472 | Glycosidic bond | Bond btw anomeric C and O of the alcohol | 23 |