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| 14138481615 | Why study anatomy & physiology? | curiosity about the human body and how it works it is basis for medicine and improving human life | 0 | |
| 14138481616 | What is anatomy? | the study of bodily structure location and organization | 1 | |
| 14138481617 | What is physiology? | the study of bodily functionality | 2 | |
| 14138481618 | How are anatomy and physiology interconnected? | the structure of the human body at all levels of organization allows for its functionality | 3 | |
| 14138481619 | How is the human body organized? | from smallest to largest atoms molecules cells tissues organs organ systems body | 4 | |
| 14138481620 | What types of teamwork exist in the human body? | cells work with cells organs work with organs organ systems work with organ systems | 5 | |
| 14138481621 | What is the meaning of human life? | to maintain homeostasis (i.e. survive) in order to reproduce | 6 | |
| 14138481622 | What is homeostasis? | the minoriting of external and internal conditions and making necessary changes for survival | 7 | |
| 14138481623 | How are external and internal conditions monitored? | signals are received by sensors that communicate the message to the brain | 8 | |
| 14138481624 | What are negative feedback loops? | mechanisms that regulate homeostasis by returning the body to an ideal state (i.e. reverse change) | 9 | |
| 14138481625 | What are positive feedback loops? | mechanisms that regulate homeostasis by telling the body from its normal state (i.e. embrace chance) | 10 | |
| 14138481626 | What are the three major requirements for maintaining homeostasis? | food oxygen and water | 11 | |
| 14138481627 | Why is food a requirement for maintaining homeostasis? | it provides the necessary nutrients for cells to function the body as a whole to grow and develop | 12 | |
| 14138481628 | Why is oxygen a requirement for maintaining homeostasis? | it allows for cells to perform cellular respiration to produce atp which is needed to release energy | 13 | |
| 14138481629 | Why is water a requirement for maintaining homeostasis? | it allows for dissolving of substances and setting for metabolism (reactions) within cells/ the body | 14 | |
| 14138481630 | What are the major organs of the nervous system? | brain, spinal cord, nerves | 15 | |
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| 14138481631 | What are the organs of the nervous system made up of? | nervous tissue which primarily made up of neurons (cells) | 17 | |
| 14138481632 | What is the big picture physiology of the nervous system? | to control all other body systems and the body as a whole through communication | 18 | |
| 14138481633 | How does the nervous system control the body? | electrical and chemical systems allow for the stimulation and inhibition of muscles and glands | 19 | |
| 14138481634 | What are action potentials? | the electrical systems are generated and transmitted by neurons in the nervous system | 20 | |
| 14138481635 | What are neurotransmitters? | the chemical signals released by neurons in the nervous system | 21 | |
| 14138481636 | What is the three step process of the nervous system? | sensory input integration and motor output | 22 | |
| 14138481637 | What is sensory input? | how the brain becomes aware of its internal and external environments | 23 | |
| 14138481638 | What makes sensory input possible? | sensors receptor cells and sensory neurons | 24 | |
| 14138481639 | What is integration? | the brain's job of processing sensory input to make decisions different regions have different functions | 25 | |
| 14138481640 | What makes integration possible? | communication between interneurons in the brain | 26 | |
| 14138481641 | What is motor output (voluntary response)? | skeletal muscle is contracted to move skeleton | 27 | |
| 14138481642 | What is motor output (involuntary response)? | smooth or cardiac muscle is contracted glands are stimulated | 28 | |
| 14138481643 | What makes motor output possible? | motor neurons and effector tissues (muscles and glands) | 29 | |
| 14138481644 | In certain cases is there a lack of motor output? | yes communication between interneurons in the brain can create its own end result | 30 | |
| 14138481645 | Why are nutrients important? | they play specific roles in maintaining homeostasis and cellular metabolism in the body | 31 | |
| 14138481646 | What is the major organ of the digestive system? | the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach and intestines | 32 | |
| 14138481647 | Which organs assist the GI tract in digestion? | the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas | 33 | |
| 14138481648 | What is ingestion? | eating and drinking | 34 | |
| 14138481649 | What is propulsion? | the movement of food and drink through the GI tract | 35 | |
| 14138481650 | What allows for propulsion? | swallowing followed by involuntary contractions of smooth muscle lining in the GI tract | 36 | |
| 14138481651 | What is the epiglottis and its function? | An elastic, cartilaginous flap that blocks food from entering the trachea | 37 | |
| 14138481652 | What is mechanical breakdown? | food is broken down physically | 38 | |
| 14138481653 | Where does mechanical digestion take place? | In the mouth (chewing), stomach (churning), and intestines (segmentation) | 39 | |
| 14138481654 | What is chemical breakdown? | food is broken down by enzymes and other substances | 40 | |
| 14138481655 | Where does chemical digestion take place? | In the mouth (saliva), stomach (acid), and intestines (pancreatic enzymes and bile) | 41 | |
| 14138481656 | What is absorption? | nutrients from the breakdown move from the GI tract to the bloodstream | 42 | |
| 14138481657 | Where does the majority of absorption take place? | At the villi & microvilli (folds) of the small intestine | 43 | |
| 14138481658 | What is defecation? | feces (i.e waste) from the digestive process is expelled from the anus of the large intestine | 44 | |
| 14138481659 | What are the anatomical components of the cardiovascular system? | Blood, blood vessels, and the heart | 45 | |
| 14138481660 | What are the major functions of blood? | 1. red blood cells and dissolved proteins transport o2, co2, nutrients, waste, etc. from the body cells 2. white blood cells and antibiotics allow for immune defense | 46 | |
| 14138481661 | What are the functions of the liver? | to process, detoxify, and synthesize the substances in blood | 47 | |
| 14138481662 | What is the function of the kidneys? | to filter excess water and waste from food (urine is formed) | 48 | |
| 14138481663 | What is the physiology of the respiratory system? | to allow for gas exchange with the bloodstream ; o2 is supplied while co2 is removed | 49 | |
| 14138481664 | How does inhalation occur? | air moves from the mouth/nose > pharynx > trachea > bronchi > alveoli of lungs | 50 | |
| 14138481665 | What muscles allow for breathing? | the diaphragm (sits below rib cage) and intercostals (between ribs) | 51 | |
| 14138481666 | What are blood vessels? | hollow organs that transport blood around the body the three types veins arteries and capillaries | 52 | |
| 14138481667 | What are arteries? | blood vessels that transport o2/ nutrient rich blood away from the heart and towards body cells | 53 | |
| 14138481668 | What are veins? | blood vessels that transport co2/ nutrient pure blood towards the heart and away from the body cells | 54 | |
| 14138481669 | What are capillaries? | tiny thin walled vessels that exchange o2 nutrients etc. in blood for co2 and other waste in body cells | 55 | |
| 14138481670 | What is the heart? | A muscular organ made up of hollow chambers that pumps blood around the body | 56 | |
| 14138481671 | What is the physiology of the heart? | To pump blood to the alveoli of the lungs to allow gas exchange to occur | 57 | |
| 14138481672 | What is the importance of valves found in the heart and in blood vessels? | To pump blood to the rest of the body to allow capillary exchange to occur | 58 | |
| 14138481673 | What allows for cardiac muscle contractions? | To prevent the backflow of blood in the circulation | 59 |