AP Biology Lipids Flashcards

14895913071	Lipids	Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.	0
14895913072	Lipids contain	C, H, O	1
14895913073	Lipids do not form	polymers	2
14895913074	Triglycerides	an energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid.	3
14895913075	Phospholipids	a lipid consisting of a glycerol bound to two fatty acids and a phosphate group.	4
14895913076	Steroids	lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings	5
14895913077	Waxes	A type of lipid molecule consisting of one fatty acid linked to an alcohol; functions as a waterproof coating on many biological surfaces such as apples and other fruits.	6
14895913078	functions of lipids	1. long-term energy storage 2. act as structural components of cell membranes 3. provide insulation -Hormone control -Protection as a shock absorber -Solvent -Buoyancy	7
14895913079	Glycerol	A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils.	8
14895913080	ester linkage	a bond between a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group	9
14895913081	dehydration synthesis	Condensation reaction where molecules are connected by loss of a water molecule.	10
14895913082	saturated fatty acid	A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.	11
14895913083	unsaturated fatty acid	A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.	12
14895913084	monosaturated fatty acid	A fatty acid with ONLY one double bond between carbon atoms	13
14895913085	polyunsaturated fatty acid	a fatty acid containing two or more carbon-carbon double bonds	14
14895913086	bubble	micelle	15
14895913087	micelle	lipid molecules that arrange themselves in a spherical form in aqueous solutions	16