AP Bio Unit 3 Flashcards
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| 13910549691 | Cell organelles |  | 0 | |
| 13910557069 | Water Potential | Symbol is greek letter psi (trident shape) Water moves across a membrane from solution with higher water potential to solution with lower water potential -Water potential of pure water=0 -addition of solute to water lowers psi -Water flows from hypotonic to hypertonic solutions | 1 | |
| 13910598140 | Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | -membranous system of channels and flattened sacs that traverse the cytoplasm -Rough ER - site of protein synthesis -Smooth ER - -Sythesizes steroid hormones and other lipids -Connects rough ER to Golgi apparatus -Carries out various detoxification processes | 2 | |
| 13910629130 | Golgi Apparatus | Packages and secretes substances produced in the ER -Lies near nucleus; consists of flattened membranous sacs | 3 | |
| 13910640271 | Nucleus | -Contains chromosomes (DNA) wrapped with special proteins into a chromatin network -surrounded by selectively permeable membrane that contains nuclear pores for the passage of large molecules like mRNA | 4 | |
| 13910655816 | Microscopes | -Light microscope - common scope -Phase-contrast microscope-examines living tissue without staining -Electron Microscopes (EM) -High magnification -High resolution -Tissue is killed during elaborate processing -Two types: transmission and scanning EM | 5 | |
| 13910689349 | Nucleolus | -prominent region seen in the nucleus during interphase -Where ribosome components are synthesized and assembled | 6 | |
| 13910700440 | Lysosomes | Sacs of hydrolytic enzymes surrounded by a single membrane -principal site of intracellular digestion of macromolecules -carry out programmed destruction of cells, apoptosis, using their hydrolytic enzymes -found in large numbers in phagocytic white blood cells | 7 | |
| 13910725516 | Peroxisomes | Contain enzyme that converts harmful H2O2 to water -in liver cells, detoxify alcohol | 8 | |
| 13910732546 | Desmosomes | Cell-to-cell communication -Junctions function as rivets, fasteing cells together into strong epithelial sheets in animals -in cervix of the uterus, they strengthen tissue during the stretching required during childbirth. |  | 9 |
| 13910764522 | Cell Wall | -found in plant cells; not in animal cells -in plants and algae, it consists of cellulose (polysaccharide) -In fungi, it consists of chitin -Primary cell wall: immediately outside plasma membrane -secondary cell wall: where found, located outside primary cell wall | 10 | |
| 13910794664 | Food Vacuoles | formed by phagocytosis | 11 | |
| 13910797791 | Central Vacuoles | found in mature plant cells enclosed in a specialized membrane called a tonoplast | 12 | |
| 13910808042 | Contractile Vacuoles | -found in freshwater protista -pump out excess water that diffuses inward because organisms live in a hypotonic environment | 13 |